Lo Shih-Yu, Wang Yuan-Sheng
Institute of Communication Studies, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
Center for General Education, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2019 Nov;81(8):2814-2831. doi: 10.3758/s13414-019-01758-9.
Previous studies have produced contradictory findings regarding whether emotion exerts facilitative effects or inhibitory effects on perception. In the present study, we hypothesized that attention can be separated into the initial selection stage and the latter consolidation stage, and emotion plays a different role in each of these two stages. To test this hypothesis, we adopted the dual-stream rapid serial visual presentation paradigm (Goodbourn & Holcombe, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 41(2), 364-384, 2015), which provided separate measurements for selection latency (how delayed the attentional selection process is) and efficacy (how much information can be successfully consolidated for conscious report). The results suggested emotion's dual role on perception. Firstly, the presence of negatively charged visual targets (which were Chinese characters in the present study) accelerated attention selection, and the acceleration effect could spread to different locations in the visual field. Secondly, negatively charged characters preoccupied attentional resources for consolidation, yielding location-specific facilitative and inhibitory effects.
以往的研究对于情绪对感知是产生促进作用还是抑制作用得出了相互矛盾的结果。在本研究中，我们假设注意力可以分为初始选择阶段和后期巩固阶段，并且情绪在这两个阶段中发挥着不同的作用。为了验证这一假设，我们采用了双流快速序列视觉呈现范式（古德伯恩和霍尔科姆，《实验心理学杂志：人类感知与表现》，第41卷第2期，364 - 384页，2015年），该范式分别测量了选择潜伏期（注意力选择过程延迟了多少）和效能（有多少信息可以成功整合以供有意识报告）。结果表明了情绪在感知上的双重作用。首先，带负电荷的视觉目标（在本研究中为汉字）的出现加速了注意力选择，并且这种加速效应可以扩散到视野中的不同位置。其次，带负电荷的字符占用了用于巩固的注意力资源，产生了特定位置的促进和抑制作用。
