Antosiak-Cyrak Katarzyna Zdzislawa, Demuth Anna
Department of Swimming and Water Rescue, University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poland.
Department of Anthropology and Biometry, University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poland.
Ginekol Pol. 2019;90(5):250-255. doi: 10.5603/GP.2019.0047.
The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal level of physical activity during pregnancy and discuss whether and to what extent biological, social and demographic variables affect the level of total physical activity in studied women.
The respondents were 267 pregnant women from Poland aged 28.16 ± 4.67 years. The majority of women under study had a higher and a secondary education and lived in villages near Poznań, i.e. a large urban agglom- eration in Poland. Most of the women were in the first or second pregnancies, at the mean gestational age of 24th week. The study used the Polish version of PPAQ questionnaire to determine the weekly energy expenditure (MET hour/week -1) (Krzepota, Sadowska 2017). The respondents self-assessed their physical activity levels by filling in a questionnaire consist- ing of 33 items grouped into the following activity categories: household/caregiving (15 items), occupational (5 items), sports/exercises (7-9 items), transportation (3 items), and inactivity (3 items).
Pregnant women prefer physical exercises of low and moderate intensity. The test results indicated a significant im- pact of variables such as age, trimester of pregnancy, and number (sequence) of pregnancies on the women's physical activity.
The results of the present study confirm that actions propagating active lifestyles among pregnant women are necessary. It also appears that the recommendations of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians regarding the physical activity of pregnant and postnatal women require adjustments and improvements.
本研究旨在确定孕期身体活动的最佳水平，并探讨生物学、社会和人口统计学变量是否以及在何种程度上影响所研究女性的总体身体活动水平。
研究对象为267名来自波兰的孕妇，年龄为28.16±4.67岁。大多数参与研究的女性拥有高等教育和中等教育学历，居住在波兹南附近的村庄，波兹南是波兰的一个大型城市群。大多数女性处于第一或第二次怀孕，平均孕周为第24周。本研究使用波兰版的PPAQ问卷来确定每周的能量消耗（代谢当量小时/周-1）（Krzepota，Sadowska，2017）。受访者通过填写一份由33个项目组成的问卷来自我评估其身体活动水平，这些项目分为以下活动类别：家务/照料（15项）、职业（5项）、体育/锻炼（7 - 9项）、交通（3项）和不活动（3项）。
孕妇更喜欢低强度和中等强度的体育锻炼。测试结果表明，年龄、孕期和怀孕次数（顺序）等变量对女性的身体活动有显著影响。
本研究结果证实，有必要在孕妇中推广积极的生活方式。波兰妇产科医生协会关于孕妇和产后妇女身体活动的建议似乎也需要调整和改进。
