Vaughan J P
Bull World Health Organ. 1979;57(1):89-97.
Hypertension, congestive heart failure, and valvular heart disease are frequently seen among hospital inpatients in the United Republic of Tanzania. A population survey was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of hypertension and cardiac murmurs in a random sample of people aged 25-64 years living in an undeveloped rural area. Standard cardiovascular survey methods as recommended by WHO were used. Only mean systolic blood pressure in women increased with age; even so, the difference in mean levels between those aged 25-34 and 55-64 years was only about 1.6 kPa (12 mmHg). Hypertension was found to be uncommon, only 2% of subjects having blood pressures >/= 21.3/ 12.7 kPa (>/= 160/95 mmHg). By means of multiple regression analysis, less than 10% of the variance in blood pressure levels could be explained by age and anthropometric measurements. Murmurs of grade 2 or more were detected in 17% of the men and 22% of the women, being most commonly heard at the apex (54%) and the left lower border of the sternum (31%). Mitral valve diastolic murmurs were heard in 4 of 275 women and these were asymptomatic. The cause of the high prevalence of systolic murmurs is unknown.
高血压、充血性心力衰竭和心脏瓣膜病在坦桑尼亚联合共和国的住院患者中很常见。因此，开展了一项人口调查，以确定生活在一个不发达农村地区的25至64岁随机抽样人群中高血压和心脏杂音的患病率。采用了世界卫生组织推荐的标准心血管调查方法。只有女性的平均收缩压随年龄增长而升高；即便如此，25至34岁人群与55至64岁人群的平均水平差异仅约1.6千帕（12毫米汞柱）。发现高血压并不常见，只有2%的受试者血压≥21.3/12.7千帕（≥160/95毫米汞柱）。通过多元回归分析，血压水平差异中不到10%可由年龄和人体测量指标解释。17%的男性和22%的女性检测到2级或以上杂音，最常见于心尖部（54%）和胸骨左下缘（31%）。275名女性中有4人听到二尖瓣舒张期杂音，且这些杂音无症状。收缩期杂音高患病率的原因尚不清楚。
