Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui 910‑1193, Japan.
Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan.
Mol Med Rep. 2019 Aug;20(2):1139-1148. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10331. Epub 2019 Jun 4.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the oral region. Despite current therapeutic strategies, the survival rate has not been improved for several decades. Thus, it is important to develop a novel approach for the treatment of OSCC. Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate (EGCG) is a major constituent of green tea and has previously been demonstrated to inhibit the growth of several types of cancer cells. However, few studies have investigated the effect of EGCG on human OSCC cells, especially in experimental animal models. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of EGCG for targeting human OSCC in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro experiments, EGCG suppressed HSC‑3 cell viability in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis revealed that EGCG induced G1 phase arrest of the tumor cells. Apoptosis was examined by Annexin V and propidium iodide staining, assays of caspase‑3 and -7 activity and TdT‑mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Treatment with EGCG significantly increased caspase‑3 and -7 activities, and the percentage of apoptotic cells when compared with control cells. In the in vivo xenograft experiment on mice, EGCG treatment resulted in a 45.2% reduction in tumor size as compared with the control group without weight loss. In vivo cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by immunohistochemical Ki‑67 staining and the TUNEL staining. There were significant differences in Ki‑67 expression between the EGCG treatment group and control group, and the percentage of apoptotic cells in the EGCG treatment group was significantly greater than that in the control group. These results indicated that EGCG significantly inhibited cell proliferation by affecting the cell cycle progression and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that EGCG may have clinical applications as a novel approach to oral‑cancer therapy.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是口腔区域最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。尽管目前有治疗策略，但几十年来生存率并未提高。因此，开发治疗 OSCC 的新方法很重要。表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）是绿茶的主要成分，先前已被证明可抑制多种类型癌细胞的生长。然而，很少有研究调查 EGCG 对人类 OSCC 细胞的影响，特别是在实验动物模型中。本研究旨在评估 EGCG 在体外和体内靶向人类 OSCC 的治疗潜力。在体外实验中，EGCG 以时间和剂量依赖的方式抑制 HSC-3 细胞活力。细胞周期分析显示，EGCG 诱导肿瘤细胞 G1 期停滞。通过 Annexin V 和碘化丙啶染色、caspase-3 和 -7 活性测定和末端转移酶介导的 dUTP 缺口末端标记（TUNEL）染色检测细胞凋亡。与对照细胞相比，EGCG 处理显著增加了 caspase-3 和 -7 的活性和凋亡细胞的百分比。在对小鼠的体内异种移植实验中，与未体重减轻的对照组相比，EGCG 治疗导致肿瘤体积缩小 45.2%。通过免疫组化 Ki-67 染色和 TUNEL 染色评估体内细胞增殖和凋亡。在 EGCG 治疗组和对照组之间，Ki-67 表达存在显著差异，EGCG 治疗组的凋亡细胞百分比明显高于对照组。这些结果表明，EGCG 通过影响细胞周期进程和体外及体内的细胞凋亡，显著抑制细胞增殖。这些发现表明，EGCG 可能作为一种新的口腔癌治疗方法具有临床应用前景。
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