State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
Liupanshui City Environmental Protection Bureau, Liupanshui, 553000, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Oct 15;181:69-77. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.050. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
The rapid development of selenium-enriched agriculture leads to the accumulation of selenium in the soil, which has an adverse impact on terrestrial ecosystems. In the present study, the mortality, growth inhibition rate and metabolism of earthworms were examined to investigate the toxicological effects of sodium selenite (NaSeO) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) after exposuring for 14 days (d). We used H-NMR-based metabolomics to identify sensitive biomarkers and explored the metabolic responses of earthworms exposed to NaSeO. The mortality and growth inhibition rate of earthworms exposed to 70 and 90 mg/kg NaSeO were significantly higher than the rate of control group. The LC (the median lethal concentration) of NaSeO was 57.4 mg/kg in this artificial soil test of E. fetida exposed to NaSeO for 14 d. However, there was no significant differences when earthworms were exposed to different concentrations of NaSeO. The selected metabolic markers were ATP, lactic acid, leucine, alanine, valine, glycine, glutamic acid, lysine, α-glucose and betaine. NaSeO affected the metabolic level of earthworms, as the percentage of metabolic markers in the earthworm changes when exposed to different concentrations of NaSeO. The metabolic disturbances were greater with increasing concentrations of NaSeO. The differential metabolic markers were significantly changed when exposed to NaSeO comparing to those in the control group, affecting the tricarboxylic acid cycle process and breaking the metabolic balance. This study showed that NaSeO had toxic effect on the growth and development of earthworms. In addition, this study provided a biochemical insights for the development of selenium-enriched agriculture.
富硒农业的快速发展导致土壤中硒的积累，这对陆地生态系统产生了不利影响。在本研究中，通过 14 天（d）的暴露实验，检测了亚硒酸钠（NaSeO）对赤子爱胜蚓（Eisenia fetida）的死亡率、生长抑制率和代谢物的影响，以研究其毒性作用。我们使用基于 H-NMR 的代谢组学来鉴定敏感的生物标志物，并探索了暴露于 NaSeO 的蚯蚓的代谢反应。暴露于 70 和 90mg/kg NaSeO 的蚯蚓的死亡率和生长抑制率明显高于对照组。在该赤子爱胜蚓暴露于 NaSeO 的 14d 人工土壤测试中，NaSeO 的 LC（半数致死浓度）为 57.4mg/kg。然而，当蚯蚓暴露于不同浓度的 NaSeO 时，没有显著差异。选择的代谢标志物为 ATP、乳酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸、赖氨酸、α-葡萄糖和甜菜碱。NaSeO 影响蚯蚓的代谢水平，因为暴露于不同浓度的 NaSeO 时，蚯蚓中代谢标志物的百分比发生变化。随着 NaSeO 浓度的增加，代谢紊乱更为严重。与对照组相比，暴露于 NaSeO 的差异代谢标志物发生显著变化，影响三羧酸循环过程并破坏代谢平衡。本研究表明，NaSeO 对蚯蚓的生长和发育具有毒性作用。此外，本研究为富硒农业的发展提供了生化见解。
