Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.
National Health Research Institutes, National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan.
Viruses. 2019 Jun 10;11(6):540. doi: 10.3390/v11060540.
Although the role of exogenous small interfering RNA (siRNA) and P-element induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathways in mosquito antiviral immunity is increasingly better understood, there is still little knowledge regarding the role of mosquito cellular microRNA (miRNA). Identifying direct interactions between the mosquito miRNAs and the RNA genome of arboviruses and choosing the relevant miRNA candidates to explore resulting antiviral mechanisms are critical. Here, we carried out genomic analyses to identify miRNAs that potentially interact with various lineages and genotypes of chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses. By using prediction tools with distinct algorithms, several miRNA binding sites were commonly found within different genotypes/and or lineages of each arbovirus. We further analyzed those miRNAs that could target more than one arbovirus, required a low energy threshold to form miRNA-viralRNA (vRNA) complexes, and predicted potential RNA structures using RNAhybrid software. We predicted miRNA candidates that might participate in regulating arboviral replication in . Even without any experimental validation, which should be done as a next step, this study can shed further light on the role of miRNA in mosquito innate immunity and targets for future studies.
尽管外源小干扰 RNA（siRNA）和 P 元素诱导的软弱测试（PIWI）相互作用 RNA（piRNA）途径在蚊虫抗病毒免疫中的作用越来越被理解，但对于蚊虫细胞 microRNA（miRNA）的作用仍然知之甚少。鉴定蚊虫 miRNA 与虫媒病毒 RNA 基因组之间的直接相互作用，并选择相关的 miRNA 候选物来探索由此产生的抗病毒机制是至关重要的。在这里，我们进行了基因组分析，以鉴定可能与各种基序和基因型的基孔肯雅热、登革热和寨卡病毒相互作用的 miRNA。通过使用具有不同算法的预测工具，在每种虫媒病毒的不同基因型/和或谱系中发现了几个 miRNA 结合位点。我们进一步分析了那些可以靶向一种以上虫媒病毒的 miRNA，这些 miRNA 需要一个低能量阈值来形成 miRNA-病毒 RNA（vRNA）复合物，并使用 RNAhybrid 软件预测潜在的 RNA 结构。我们预测了可能参与调节蚊媒病毒复制的 miRNA 候选物。即使没有任何实验验证，这应该作为下一步进行，这项研究可以进一步阐明 miRNA 在蚊虫先天免疫中的作用和未来研究的靶点。
