Imai Eri, Nakade Makiko
Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone city, Japan.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Science and Environment, The University of Hyogo, Himeji, Japan.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2019;28(2):276-284. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.201906_28(2).0010.
Information about an association between animal food intakes and risk of anemia is still limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between fish and meat intake and anemia risk in the Japanese elderly.
A nationally representative sample of 6,469 aged 65 years and over was obtained from pooled data of annual National Health and Nutritional Survey in Japan during 2002-2011. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentrations <13.0 g/dL in males and <12.0 g/dL in females. Logistic regression analysis, with the lowest intake tertile as the reference, was applied to estimate anemia risk for each nutrient and food group.
After adjustment for putative confounding factors, males in the highest tertile of animal protein intake had significantly lower risk of anemia than those in the lowest tertile (odds ratio (OR): 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63, 0.95; p for trend=0.017). These associations were not seen in females (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.49, 1.06; p for trend=0.100). Multivariate analyses revealed that anemia risk (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.97; p for trend =0.002) was lower for males in the highest tertile of fish intake than in the lowest tertile; this effect was also observed for females (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.92; p for trend =0.014). In both sexes, the highest tertile of meat intake was not associated with lower anemia risk in the multivariate-adjusted models.
The current cross-sectional study in Japanese elderly males suggests that higher animal protein, specifically the high protein content of fish may be associated with a lower prevalence of anemia.
关于动物性食物摄入量与贫血风险之间关联的信息仍然有限。本研究旨在调查日本老年人鱼类和肉类摄入量与贫血风险之间的关联。
从2002年至2011年日本年度全国健康与营养调查的汇总数据中获取了一个具有全国代表性的6469名65岁及以上老年人的样本。贫血定义为男性血红蛋白浓度<13.0 g/dL，女性血红蛋白浓度<12.0 g/dL。采用以摄入量最低三分位数为参照的逻辑回归分析，来估计各营养素和食物组的贫血风险。
在对假定的混杂因素进行调整后，动物蛋白摄入量最高三分位数的男性患贫血的风险显著低于最低三分位数的男性（比值比（OR）：0.77；95%置信区间（CI）：0.63，0.95；趋势检验p值=0.017）。在女性中未观察到这些关联（OR：0.72，95%CI：0.49，1.06；趋势检验p值=0.100）。多变量分析显示，鱼类摄入量最高三分位数的男性贫血风险（OR：0.80；95%CI：0.65，0.97；趋势检验p值 =0.002）低于最低三分位数的男性；女性也观察到了这种效应（OR：0.64；95%CI：0.45，0.92；趋势检验p值 =0.014）。在多变量调整模型中，无论男女，肉类摄入量最高三分位数与较低的贫血风险均无关联。
目前对日本老年男性的横断面研究表明，较高的动物蛋白，特别是鱼类的高蛋白含量可能与较低的贫血患病率相关。
