孕妇摄入海鲜及补充长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸与早产
Maternal intake of seafood and supplementary long chain n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids and preterm delivery.
作者信息
Brantsæter Anne Lise, Englund-Ögge Linda, Haugen Margareta, Birgisdottir Bryndis Eva, Knutsen Helle Katrine, Sengpiel Verena, Myhre Ronny, Alexander Jan, Nilsen Roy M, Jacobsson Bo, Meltzer Helle Margrete
机构信息
Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Domain of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, NO-0403, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017 Jan 19;17(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1225-8.
BACKGROUND
Preterm delivery increases the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Studies suggest that maternal diet may affect the prevalence of preterm delivery. The aim of this study was to assess whether maternal intakes of seafood and marine long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) from supplements were associated with preterm delivery.
METHODS
The study population included 67,007 women from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Maternal food and supplement intakes were assessed by a validated self-reported food frequency questionnaire in mid-pregnancy. Information about gestational duration was obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between total seafood, lean fish, fatty fish, and LCn-3PUFA intakes and preterm delivery. Preterm was defined as any onset of delivery before gestational week 37, and as spontaneous or iatrogenic deliveries and as preterm delivery at early, moderate, and late preterm gestations.
RESULTS
Lean fish constituted 56%, fatty fish 34% and shellfish 10% of seafood intake. Any intake of seafood above no/rare intake (>5 g/d) was associated with lower prevalence of preterm delivery. Adjusted HRs were 0.76 (CI: 0.66, 0.88) for 1-2 servings/week (20-40 g/d), 0.72 (CI: 0.62, 0.83) for 2-3 servings/week (40-60 g/d), and 0.72 (CI: 0.61, 0.85) for ≥3 servings/week (>60 g/d), p-trend <0.001. The association was seen for lean fish (p-trend: 0.005) but not for fatty fish (p-trend: 0.411). The intake of supplementary LCn-3PUFA was associated only with lower prevalence of early preterm delivery (before 32 gestational weeks), while increasing intake of LCn-3PUFA from food was associated with lower prevalence of overall preterm delivery (p-trend: 0.002). Any seafood intake above no/rare was associated with lower prevalence of both spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm delivery, and with lower prevalence of late preterm delivery.
CONCLUSIONS
Any intake of seafood above no/rare consumption was associated with lower prevalence of preterm delivery. The association was stronger for lean than for fatty fish. Intake of supplementary LCn-3PUFA was associated only with early preterm delivery. The findings corroborate the current advice to include fish and seafood as part of a balanced diet during pregnancy.
背景
早产会增加新生儿发病和死亡的风险。研究表明，孕妇饮食可能会影响早产的发生率。本研究的目的是评估孕妇从补充剂中摄入的海鲜和海洋长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（LCn-3PUFA）是否与早产有关。
方法
研究人群包括来自挪威母婴队列研究的67007名女性。在孕中期通过经过验证的自我报告食物频率问卷评估孕妇的食物和补充剂摄入量。从挪威医疗出生登记处获取妊娠持续时间的信息。我们使用Cox回归来估计总海鲜、瘦鱼、肥鱼和LCn-3PUFA摄入量与早产之间关联的风险比（HR）及95%置信区间（CI）。早产定义为妊娠第37周前的任何分娩开始，包括自然分娩或医源性分娩，以及早期、中期和晚期早产。
结果
海鲜摄入量中，瘦鱼占56%，肥鱼占34%，贝类占10%。任何高于无/极少摄入量（>5克/天）的海鲜摄入都与较低的早产发生率相关。每周摄入1 - 2份（20 - 40克/天）的调整后HR为0.76（CI：0.66，0.88），每周摄入2 - 3份（40 - 60克/天）的为0.72（CI：0.62, 0.83），每周摄入≥3份（>60克/天）的为0.72（CI：0.61, 0.85），p趋势<0.001。瘦鱼呈现出这种关联（p趋势：0.005），而肥鱼则没有（p趋势：0.411）。补充LCn-3PUFA的摄入仅与早期早产（妊娠32周前）发生率较低相关，而从食物中摄入LCn-3PUFA的增加与总体早产发生率较低相关（p趋势：0.002）。任何高于无/极少摄入量的海鲜摄入都与自然早产和医源性早产的较低发生率以及晚期早产的较低发生率相关。
结论
任何高于无/极少摄入量的海鲜摄入都与较低的早产发生率相关。瘦鱼的这种关联比肥鱼更强。补充LCn-3PUFA的摄入仅与早期早产相关。这些发现证实了当前关于孕期将鱼类和海鲜纳入均衡饮食的建议。
Zotero 插件