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墨西哥原住民的国内迁移与健康:一项纵向研究。

Internal migration and the health of Indigenous Mexicans: A longitudinal study.

作者信息

León-Pérez Gabriela

机构信息

Department of Sociology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 827 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA, 23284-2040, USA.

出版信息

SSM Popul Health. 2019 May 12;8:100407. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100407. eCollection 2019 Aug.

Abstract

RATIONALE

Indigenous peoples have historically comprised a substantial part of migration streams around the world, yet our understanding of the effects of migration on indigenous health is limited.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the migration-indigenous health relationship by assessing the impact of internal migration on the self-rated health trajectories of indigenous Mexicans.

DATA AND METHOD

Using three waves of data (2002-2012) from the Mexican Family Life Survey, I estimated linear growth curves to examine differences in initial self-rated health and changes in self-rated health between indigenous and non-indigenous respondents (N = 12,533). Then, I investigated whether migrating domestically during the study period shaped indigenous health trajectories.

RESULTS

At the baseline interview (before migration), indigenous migrants reported significantly better self-rated health than indigenous non-migrants and than all non-indigenous respondents. In spite of their better initial health, indigenous migrants' health deteriorated substantially after migration, such that by the time of the last interview they reported the worst health. The self-rated health of all other groups improved during the same period.

CONCLUSION

Findings provide evidence of pre-migration health selection and post-migration health deterioration among Mexican indigenous migrants. These results suggest that internal migration is a risk factor that has an independent effect on indigenous health even after adjusting for personal, family, socioeconomic, and health care factors.

摘要

理论依据

历史上,原住民一直是全球移民潮的重要组成部分,但我们对移民对原住民健康影响的了解有限。

目的

通过评估国内移民对墨西哥原住民自评健康轨迹的影响,探讨移民与原住民健康之间的关系。

数据与方法

利用墨西哥家庭生活调查的三轮数据(2002 - 2012年),我估计了线性增长曲线,以检验原住民和非原住民受访者(N = 12,533)在初始自评健康方面的差异以及自评健康的变化。然后,我调查了在研究期间国内迁移是否塑造了原住民的健康轨迹。

结果

在基线访谈(迁移前)时,原住民移民报告的自评健康状况明显优于原住民非移民以及所有非原住民受访者。尽管他们初始健康状况较好,但原住民移民在迁移后的健康状况大幅恶化,以至于在最后一次访谈时,他们报告的健康状况最差。同期,所有其他群体的自评健康状况都有所改善。

结论

研究结果提供了墨西哥原住民移民迁移前健康选择和迁移后健康恶化的证据。这些结果表明,即使在调整了个人、家庭、社会经济和医疗保健因素之后,国内迁移仍是一个对原住民健康有独立影响的风险因素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b121/6529827/3f534b405493/gr1.jpg

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