Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, University of California, 650 Charles Young Drive South, A2-125 CHS, Box 956900, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6900, USA.
Mixteco/Indigena Community Organizing Project, PO Box 20543, Oxnard, CA, 93034, USA.
Int J Equity Health. 2015 Feb 3;14:16. doi: 10.1186/s12939-015-0148-0.
There are an estimated 165,000 indigenous Mexicans living in California, including Mixtec and Zapotec immigrant farm workers. Because many of these immigrants speak only their native non-written languages, there is little information about the needs of this community. An academic-community partnership research team developed a survey to assess basic needs that are known to be social determinants of health in the Mixtec and Zapotec community in Ventura County.
In summer 2013, Spanish-Mixteco and Spanish-Zapoteco bilingual promotoras conducted surveys in Spanish, Mixteco and Zapoteco in the greater Oxnard area in Ventura County, California to assess the following basic needs: ability of adults and children to obtain health services; household needs regarding work opportunities, food, housing, transportation, safety and education; and discrimination. Independent variables included respondent characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, living part of the year in another city, and household characteristics such as Spanish spoken in the household, number of household members and number of health care providers/agencies used. Several sets of analyses examined the relationship between basic needs and independent variables.
Respondents (N = 989) reported insufficient employment opportunities (74%), food for the family (59%) or housing (48%), lack of transportation (59%), and discrimination or bullying (34%). Most reported access to medical care for children (90%), but only 57% of respondents were able to get health care for themselves.
Many basic needs in the Mixtec and Zapotec community in Ventura County are unmet. It will require many different resources and services to address the needs of this community and to overcome longstanding inequities that are experienced by immigrant farm workers. Our findings will guide the development of future health programs and will serve as a baseline to evaluate the impact of services to improve the health conditions in this community.
据估计，有 16.5 万墨西哥原住民居住在加利福尼亚州，其中包括米斯特克族和萨波特克族移民农场工人。由于许多移民只会说自己的母语，而这些语言没有文字，因此关于这个群体的需求信息很少。一个学术-社区合作研究团队开发了一项调查，以评估已知是文图拉县米斯特克族和萨波特克社区健康社会决定因素的基本需求。
2013 年夏天，西班牙语-米斯特克语和西班牙语-萨波特克语双语推动者在加利福尼亚州文图拉县大奥克斯纳德地区用西班牙语、米斯特克语和萨波特克语进行了调查，以评估以下基本需求：成人和儿童获得医疗服务的能力；家庭在工作机会、食品、住房、交通、安全和教育方面的需求；以及歧视。自变量包括受访者的特征，如年龄、性别、婚姻状况、一年中在另一个城市居住的时间，以及家庭特征，如家庭中说的西班牙语、家庭人口和使用的医疗服务提供者/机构的数量。几套分析方法检查了基本需求与自变量之间的关系。
受访者（N=989）报告就业机会不足（74%）、家庭食品（59%）或住房（48%）、缺乏交通（59%）和歧视或欺凌（34%）。大多数人表示可以为孩子获得医疗保健（90%），但只有 57%的受访者能够为自己获得医疗保健。
文图拉县米斯特克族和萨波特克社区的许多基本需求没有得到满足。需要许多不同的资源和服务来满足这个社区的需求，并克服移民农场工人长期以来面临的不平等。我们的研究结果将指导未来健康计划的制定，并作为评估改善该社区健康状况服务的影响的基准。
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