Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown WV 26505, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown WV 26505, United States.
Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh PA 15206, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States.
Cell Calcium. 2019 Jul;81:51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.06.001. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
Orai and Stim proteins are the mediators of calcium release-activated calcium signaling and are important in the regulation of bone homeostasis and disease. This includes separate regulatory systems controlling mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to form osteoblasts, which make bone, and differentiation and regulation of osteoclasts, which resorb bone. These systems will be described separately, and their integration and relation to other systems, including Orai and Stim in teeth, will be briefly discussed at the end of this review.
Orai 和 Stim 蛋白是钙释放激活钙信号的介质，在骨骼内稳态和疾病的调控中具有重要作用。这包括控制间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化形成骨骼，以及控制破骨细胞分化和调节的独立调控系统。这些系统将分别进行描述，并在本综述的最后简要讨论它们与其他系统（包括牙齿中的 Orai 和 Stim）的整合和关系。
