Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Nat Biotechnol. 2019 Jul;37(7):730-743. doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0157-4. Epub 2019 Jun 17.
The combination of modern biotechnologies such as DNA synthesis, λ red recombineering, CRISPR-based editing and next-generation high-throughput sequencing increasingly enables precise manipulation of genes and genomes. Beyond rational design, these technologies also enable the targeted, and potentially continuous, introduction of multiple mutations. While this might seem to be merely a return to natural selection, the ability to target evolution greatly reduces fitness burdens and focuses mutation and selection on those genes and traits that best contribute to a desired phenotype, ultimately throwing evolution into fast forward.
现代生物技术的结合，如 DNA 合成、λ 红重组、基于 CRISPR 的编辑和下一代高通量测序，越来越能够精确地操作基因和基因组。除了理性设计，这些技术还能够有针对性地、可能持续地引入多种突变。虽然这似乎只是回到了自然选择，但靶向进化的能力大大降低了适应性负担，并将突变和选择集中在那些最有助于理想表型的基因和特征上，最终使进化进入快速发展阶段。
