Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), St. Petersburg 196608, Russia.
Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Jun 17;11(6):347. doi: 10.3390/toxins11060347.
() is a Gram-positive soil bacteria that infects invertebrates, predominantly of Arthropoda phylum. Due to its immense host range has become a leading producer of biopesticides applied both in biotechnology and agriculture. Cytotoxic effect of , as well as its host specificity, are commonly attributed either to proteinaceous crystal parasporal toxins (Cry and Cyt) produced by bacteria in a stationary phase or to soluble toxins of Vip and Sip families secreted by vegetative cells. At the same time, numerous non-toxin virulence factors of have been discovered, including metalloproteases, chitinases, aminopolyol antibiotics and nucleotide-mimicking moieties. These agents act at each stage of the invasion and contribute to cytotoxic properties of strains enhancing toxin activity, ensuring host immune response evasion and participating in extracellular matrix degeneration. In this review we attempt to classify virulence factors unrelated to major groups of protein toxins and discuss their putative role in the establishment of specificity to various groups of insects.
（）是一种革兰氏阳性土壤细菌，感染无脊椎动物，主要是节肢动物门。由于其巨大的宿主范围，它已成为生物农药的主要生产者，广泛应用于生物技术和农业。的细胞毒性作用及其宿主特异性通常归因于细菌在静止期产生的蛋白晶体伴孢毒素（Cry 和 Cyt），或由营养细胞分泌的可溶性毒素 Vip 和 Sip 家族。与此同时，已经发现了许多与毒素无关的毒力因子，包括金属蛋白酶、几丁质酶、氨基多醇抗生素和核苷酸类似物。这些因子在的入侵的各个阶段发挥作用，有助于增强毒素活性的菌株的细胞毒性，确保宿主免疫反应的逃避，并参与细胞外基质的退化。在这篇综述中，我们试图对与主要蛋白毒素群无关的毒力因子进行分类，并讨论它们在建立对各种昆虫群体的特异性中的可能作用。
