Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel.
Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, 4025000, Israel.
Ageing Res Rev. 2019 Sep;54:100919. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100919. Epub 2019 Jun 19.
Ageism has been shown to have a negative impact on older people's health and wellbeing. Though multiple scales are currently being used to measure this increasingly important issue, syntheses of the psychometric properties of these scales are unavailable. This means that existing estimates of ageism prevalence may not be accurate. We conducted a systematic review aimed at identifying available ageism scales and evaluating their scope and psychometric properties. A comprehensive search strategy was used across fourteen different databases, including PubMed and CINAHL. Independent reviewers extracted data and appraised risk of bias following the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines. Of the 29,664 records identified, 106 studies, assessing 11 explicit scales of ageism, were eligible for inclusion. Only one scale, the 'Expectations Regarding Aging' met minimum requirements for psychometric validation (i.e., adequate content validity, structural validity and internal consistency). Still, this scale only assesses the 'stereotype' dimension of ageism, thus failing to evaluate the other two ageism dimensions (prejudice and discrimination). This paper highlights the need to develop and validate a scale that accounts for the multidimensional nature of ageism. Having a scale that can accurately measure ageism prevalence is key in a time of increasing and rapid population ageing, where the magnitude of this phenomenon may be increasing.
年龄歧视已被证明会对老年人的健康和幸福产生负面影响。尽管目前有多种量表被用于衡量这一日益重要的问题，但这些量表的心理计量学特性的综合分析尚不可用。这意味着现有的年龄歧视流行率估计可能不准确。我们进行了一项系统评价，旨在确定现有的年龄歧视量表，并评估其范围和心理计量学特性。我们使用了包括 PubMed 和 CINAHL 在内的 14 个不同数据库的综合搜索策略。独立评审员按照共识基础的健康测量仪器选择标准（COSMIN）指南提取数据并评估偏倚风险。在确定的 29664 条记录中，有 106 项研究评估了 11 种明确的年龄歧视量表，符合纳入标准。只有一种量表，即“对衰老的期望”，符合心理计量验证的最低要求（即足够的内容效度、结构效度和内部一致性）。尽管如此，这个量表仅评估了年龄歧视的“刻板印象”维度，因此无法评估年龄歧视的其他两个维度（偏见和歧视）。本文强调了开发和验证一种能够衡量年龄歧视多维性质的量表的必要性。在人口老龄化日益加剧和快速发展的时代，拥有一种能够准确衡量年龄歧视流行率的量表是至关重要的，因为这种现象的规模可能正在增加。
