Deary I J, Tait R
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh.
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 Dec 12;295(6612):1513-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.295.6612.1513.
Twelve medical house officers were tested on a battery of memory, concentration, and work related tasks after three conditions: a night spent off duty; a night spent on call; and a night spent admitting emergency cases. Short term recall, but not digit span, concentration, or work related abilities, was impaired after a night of emergency admissions. A night spent on call had no effect on cognitive performance. Self reported mood scores showed that house officers were more deactivated (indicating a lack of vigour and drive) after nights of emergency admissions but not after nights on call. Significant between subject differences were found for five of the eight cognitive tests. Though loss of sleep and long hours of work have an effect on memory and mood, the individual differences among doctors are the main source of the variance in performance of tasks.
12名住院医师在经历三种情况后，接受了一系列关于记忆、注意力和工作相关任务的测试：一个下班后的夜晚；一个值班的夜晚；一个收治急诊病例的夜晚。经历一晚急诊收治后，短期记忆受到损害，但数字广度、注意力或工作相关能力未受影响。值班一晚对认知表现没有影响。自我报告的情绪得分显示，住院医师在经历急诊收治的夜晚后更加消极怠工（表明缺乏活力和动力），但在值班夜晚后并非如此。八项认知测试中的五项发现了显著的个体间差异。虽然睡眠不足和长时间工作会对记忆和情绪产生影响，但医生之间的个体差异是任务表现差异的主要来源。
