Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London.
Psychol Bull. 2021 Nov;147(11):1215-1240. doi: 10.1037/bul0000348.
Research suggests that sleep deprivation both before and after encoding has a detrimental effect on memory for newly learned material. However, there is as yet no quantitative analyses of the size of these effects. We conducted two meta-analyses of studies published between 1970 and 2020 that investigated effects of total, acute sleep deprivation on memory (i.e., at least one full night of sleep deprivation): one for deprivation occurring before learning and one for deprivation occurring after learning. The impact of sleep deprivation after learning on memory was associated with Hedges' g = 0.277, 95% CI [0.177, 0.377]. Whether testing took place immediately after deprivation or after recovery sleep moderated the effect, with significantly larger effects observed in immediate tests. Procedural memory tasks also showed significantly larger effects than declarative memory tasks. The impact of sleep deprivation before learning was associated with Hedges' g = 0.621, 95% CI [0.473, 0.769]. Egger's tests for funnel plot asymmetry suggested significant publication bias in both meta-analyses. Statistical power was very low in most of the analyzed studies. Highly powered, preregistered replications are needed to estimate the underlying effect sizes more precisely. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
研究表明，在编码前后的睡眠剥夺都会对新学习材料的记忆产生不利影响。然而，目前还没有对这些影响的大小进行定量分析。我们对 1970 年至 2020 年间发表的研究进行了两项荟萃分析，这些研究调查了总睡眠时间剥夺（即至少一个完整的睡眠剥夺之夜）对记忆的影响：一项是关于学习前的睡眠剥夺，另一项是关于学习后的睡眠剥夺。学习后睡眠剥夺对记忆的影响与 Hedges'g=0.277 相关，95%置信区间为[0.177, 0.377]。睡眠剥夺后是否立即进行测试或在恢复性睡眠后进行测试会影响效果，立即测试的效果更为显著。程序记忆任务的效果也明显大于陈述性记忆任务。学习前睡眠剥夺的影响与 Hedges'g=0.621 相关，95%置信区间为[0.473, 0.769]。Egger 检验表明，这两个荟萃分析都存在显著的发表偏倚。大多数分析研究的统计效能非常低。需要进行高功效、预先注册的重复研究，以更准确地估计潜在的效应大小。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
