Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA.
Sediment Solutions, Ellicott City, Maryland, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2019 Oct;38(10):2326-2336. doi: 10.1002/etc.4526. Epub 2019 Sep 10.
Activated carbon-amended bed sediments reduced total polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) accumulation in 3 functionally different marine species, sandworms (Alitta virens), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus), during both clean and contaminated ongoing sediment inputs. Mesocosm experiments were conducted for 90 d to evaluate native, field-aged bed sediment PCBs, and ongoing input PCBs added 3 times a week. Simulated in situ remediation applied an activated carbon dose equal to the native organic carbon content that was premixed into the bed sediment for 1 mo. The highest bioaccumulation of native PCBs was in worms that remained in and directly ingested the sediment, whereas the highest bioaccumulation of the input PCBs was in fish that were exposed to the water column. When periodic PCB-contaminated sediment inputs were introduced to the water column, the activated carbon remedy had minimal effect on the input PCBs, whereas the native bed PCBs still dominated bioaccumulation in the control (no activated carbon). Therefore, remediation of only the local bedded sediment in environmental systems with ongoing contaminant inputs may have lower efficacy for fish and other pelagic and epibenthic organisms. While ongoing inputs continue to obscure remedial outcomes at contaminated sediment sites, the present study showed clear effectiveness of activated carbon amendment remediation on native PCBs despite these inputs but no remediation effectiveness for the input-associated PCBs (at least within the present study duration). Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2326-2336. Published 2019 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
活性炭改良床沉积物减少了 3 种功能不同的海洋物种（沙蚕、硬壳蛤和羊头鲦鱼）在清洁和受污染的持续沉积物输入期间对总多氯联苯（PCB）的积累。进行了为期 90 天的中观实验，以评估天然、现场老化的床沉积物 PCB 和每周添加 3 次的正在进行的输入 PCB。模拟原位修复应用了与天然有机碳含量相等的活性炭剂量，该剂量预先混合到床沉积物中 1 个月。天然 PCB 的最高生物累积发生在留在沉积物中并直接摄入沉积物的蠕虫中，而输入 PCB 的最高生物累积发生在暴露于水柱中的鱼类中。当周期性地将 PCB 污染的沉积物输入到水柱中时，活性炭处理对输入 PCB 的影响最小，而在对照（无活性炭）中，天然床 PCB 仍然主导生物累积。因此，在有持续污染物输入的环境系统中，仅对局部床沉积物进行修复可能对鱼类和其他浮游生物和底栖生物的效果较低。虽然正在进行的输入继续掩盖污染沉积物地点的补救结果，但本研究表明，尽管存在这些输入，活性炭改良修复对天然 PCB 具有明显的有效性，但对输入相关 PCB 没有修复效果（至少在本研究持续时间内）。Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2326-2336。2019 年由 Wiley Periodicals Inc. 代表 SETAC 出版。本文是美国政府的工作，因此在美国属于公有领域。
