Department of Psychology, University of Guelph.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2020 Feb;149(2):209-221. doi: 10.1037/xge0000642. Epub 2019 Jun 24.
Visual spatial attentional capture is contingent on an observer's goals, or attentional control settings. Recent research has demonstrated that observers can adopt attentional control settings based on numerous visual objects represented in episodic long-term memory (LTM). But why do LTM representations that comprise an attentional control set bias attentional capture, when other LTM representations do not? In the present study, we tested the activated LTM account-that LTM representations form an attentional control set if, and only if, they are represented in activated LTM-by mixing a working memory task to test for representation in activated LTM, with a spatial blink task to test for the state of participants' attentional control settings. In Experiments 1 and 2, inducing participants to represent complex visual objects in activated LTM did not result in those objects forming an attentional control set. In Experiment 3, we found a dissociation between activated LTM and attentional control settings; objects that were represented in activated LTM produced greater intrusion effects (indicating representation in activated LTM) than objects that were part of an attentional control set, yet smaller capture effects. These results do not support the activated LTM account. We conclude that representation in activated LTM is not the factor that determines which LTM representations comprise an attentional control set, and discuss the implications of these findings for research on attentional templates and hybrid visual and memory search. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
视觉空间注意捕获取决于观察者的目标或注意控制设置。最近的研究表明，观察者可以根据情节性长时记忆（LTM）中表示的许多视觉对象采用注意控制设置。但是，为什么构成注意控制集的 LTM 表示会偏向于注意捕获，而其他 LTM 表示则不会？在本研究中，我们通过混合工作记忆任务来测试激活的 LTM 中的表示，以及空间眨眼任务来测试参与者注意控制设置的状态，从而测试了激活的 LTM 账户，即如果 LTM 表示处于激活状态，则 LTM 表示构成注意控制集。在实验 1 和实验 2 中，诱使参与者在激活的 LTM 中表示复杂的视觉对象并没有导致这些对象形成注意控制集。在实验 3 中，我们发现激活的 LTM 和注意控制设置之间存在分离；在激活的 LTM 中表示的对象产生的侵入效应（表示在激活的 LTM 中表示）大于作为注意控制集一部分的对象，但捕获效应较小。这些结果不支持激活的 LTM 账户。我们得出的结论是，在激活的 LTM 中的表示不是决定哪些 LTM 表示构成注意控制集的因素，并讨论了这些发现对注意模板和混合视觉和记忆搜索研究的意义。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
