Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
Disabil Health J. 2019 Oct;12(4):537-541. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.06.002. Epub 2019 Jun 15.
Employment is a fundamental Social Determinant of Health known to have large impacts on mental health and other health outcomes. Across many countries of the world, people with disabilities are much more likely to be unemployed and looking for work than those without disabilities. The deprivation of employment opportunities is likely to have notable impacts on the health of people with disabilities. In this commentary, we outline the concept of "disabling working environments," which are defined as the range of experiences that affect the likelihood of people with disabilities in obtaining and maintaining quality employment which may then affect a disabled person's health. Disabling working environments are comprised of the following three mutually reinforcing components: 1) Differential selection into work; 2) Selection into certain types of jobs and exposure to poor psychosocial working environments when in employment, and; 3) Differential selection out of work (e.g., leaving employment at an earlier age than those who do not have a disability). We argue that policy and intervention design should consider the life course effects of employment on the mental health of people with disabilities.
就业是一个基本的社会决定因素，对心理健康和其他健康结果有很大影响。在世界上许多国家，残疾人士比非残疾人士更有可能失业和寻找工作。剥夺就业机会很可能对残疾人士的健康产生显著影响。在这篇评论中，我们概述了“使工作致残的环境”这一概念，它被定义为影响残疾人士获得和维持高质量就业机会的一系列经历，而这些经历可能会影响残疾人的健康。使工作致残的环境由以下三个相互加强的组成部分组成：1. 工作中的差异选择；2. 选择特定类型的工作并在就业时面临较差的心理社会工作环境；3. 工作中的差异选择（例如，比没有残疾的人更早离开工作）。我们认为，政策和干预措施的设计应考虑就业对残疾人士心理健康的终身影响。
