抗逆转录病毒药物预防 HIV 感染：暴露前预防、暴露后预防和治疗作为预防的临床方法。

Antiretroviral Medications for the Prevention of HIV Infection: A Clinical Approach to Preexposure Prophylaxis, Postexposure Prophylaxis, and Treatment as Prevention.

机构信息

Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 190 Elizabeth Street, R. Fraser Elliott Building, 3-805, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada; Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2019 Sep;33(3):629-646. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2019.04.002. Epub 2019 Jun 22.

DOI:10.1016/j.idc.2019.04.002

PMID:31239092

Abstract

Preventing new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections is essential to halting the global pandemic. HIV prevention strategies include integrating both nonpharmacologic (eg, safe sexual counseling, circumcision) and pharmacologic approaches. Several pharmacologic HIV prevention strategies are increasingly used globally and include postexposure prophylaxis, preexposure prophylaxis, and treatment as prevention. These prevention modalities have enormous clinical and public health appeal, as they effectively reduce HIV acquisition in individuals and also may lower HIV incidence in communities when integrated and implemented broadly. Efforts are now underway to scale HIV prevention programs using these techniques in both high- and low-resource settings.

摘要

预防新的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染对于阻止全球大流行至关重要。HIV 预防策略包括整合非药物（如安全的性咨询、割礼）和药物方法。几种药物 HIV 预防策略在全球范围内越来越多地使用，包括暴露后预防、暴露前预防和治疗即预防。这些预防方式具有巨大的临床和公共卫生吸引力，因为它们可以有效地减少个体中 HIV 的获得，并且当广泛整合和实施时，也可能降低社区中的 HIV 发病率。目前正在努力在高资源和低资源环境中使用这些技术来扩大 HIV 预防计划。