Jain Sachin, Krakower Douglas S, Mayer Kenneth H
Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Jun 1;60 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S200-4. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ094.
Although some individuals who present for antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) had a 1-time exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), others may be recurrently risky. Given that preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been shown to be efficacious, identification of those individuals who present for PEP who might benefit from PrEP is important to decrease HIV acquisition in high-risk individuals. While inclusion criteria for PrEP have been developed, there is a paucity of data to help clinicians determine which PEP users are at highest risk for HIV acquisition and therefore should be offered PrEP. We will discuss the rationale for using PrEP after PEP use, and will focus on the assessment of PEP users who may benefit from PrEP.
虽然一些接受抗逆转录病毒暴露后预防（PEP）的个体曾有过一次人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）暴露，但其他个体可能反复处于感染风险中。鉴于暴露前预防（PrEP）已被证明有效，识别那些前来接受PEP且可能从PrEP中获益的个体，对于降低高危个体感染HIV至关重要。虽然已经制定了PrEP的纳入标准，但缺乏数据来帮助临床医生确定哪些接受PEP的使用者感染HIV的风险最高，因此应提供PrEP。我们将讨论在使用PEP后使用PrEP的基本原理，并将重点关注可能从PrEP中获益的PEP使用者的评估。
