Ospina Diana, Villegas Victoria Eugenia, Rodríguez-Leguizamón Giovanni, Rondón-Lagos Milena
Biology Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221,Colombia.
Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi - Universidad del Rosario. School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 111221, Colombia.
Cancer Manag Res. 2019 May 30;11:4997-5012. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S205723. eCollection 2019.
Asbestos is one of the most important occupational carcinogens. Currently, about 125 million people worldwide are exposed to asbestos in the workplace. According to global estimates, at least 107,000 people die each year from lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos. The high pathogenicity of this material is currently known, being associated with the development of pulmonary diseases, of which lung cancer is the main cause of death due to exposure to this mineral. Pulmonary diseases related to asbestos are a common clinical problem and a major health concern worldwide. Extensive research has identified many important pathogenic mechanisms; however, the precise molecular mechanisms involved, and the generated genomic damage that lead to the development of these diseases, are not completely understood. The modes of action that underlie this type of disease seem to differ depending on the type of fiber, lung clearance, and genetics. This evidences the need to increase our knowledge about these effects on human health. This review focuses on the characteristics of asbestos and the cellular and genomic damage generated in humans via exposure.
石棉是最重要的职业致癌物之一。目前，全球约有1.25亿人在工作场所接触石棉。据全球估计，每年至少有10.7万人因职业接触石棉而死于肺癌、间皮瘤和石棉肺。这种物质的高致病性目前已为人所知，它与肺部疾病的发生有关，其中肺癌是因接触这种矿物质而导致死亡的主要原因。与石棉相关的肺部疾病是一个常见的临床问题，也是全球主要的健康问题。广泛的研究已经确定了许多重要的致病机制；然而，其中涉及的精确分子机制以及导致这些疾病发生的基因组损伤尚未完全了解。这类疾病的潜在作用模式似乎因纤维类型、肺部清除能力和遗传因素而异。这证明有必要增加我们对这些对人类健康影响的认识。本综述重点关注石棉的特性以及人类接触石棉后产生的细胞和基因组损伤。
