State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal.
Physiol Plant. 2020 Feb;168(2):318-344. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13004. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
Given their sessile nature, plants continuously face unfavorable conditions throughout their life cycle, including water scarcity, extreme temperatures and soil pollution. Among all, metal(loid)s are one of the main classes of contaminants worldwide, posing a serious threat to plant growth and development. When in excess, metals which include both essential and non-essential elements, quickly become phytotoxic, inducing the occurrence of oxidative stress. In this way, in order to ensure food production and safety, attempts to enhance plant tolerance to metal(loid)s are urgently needed. Nitric oxide (NO) is recognized as a signaling molecule, highly involved in multiple physiological events, like the response of plants to abiotic stress. Thus, substantial efforts have been made to assess NO potential in alleviating metal-induced oxidative stress in plants. In this review, an updated overview of NO-mediated protection against metal toxicity is provided. After carefully reviewing NO biosynthetic pathways, focus was given to the interaction between NO and the redox homeostasis followed by photosynthetic performance of plants under metal excess.
由于其固着的特性，植物在整个生命周期中不断面临不利条件，包括缺水、极端温度和土壤污染。在所有这些因素中，金属（类）是全球主要的污染物之一，对植物的生长和发育构成严重威胁。当金属（包括必需和非必需元素）过量时，它们很快就会产生植物毒性，诱导氧化应激的发生。因此，为了确保粮食生产和安全，迫切需要尝试提高植物对金属（类）的耐受性。一氧化氮（NO）被认为是一种信号分子，高度参与多种生理事件，如植物对非生物胁迫的反应。因此，人们已经做出了大量努力来评估 NO 在缓解植物金属诱导的氧化应激中的潜力。在这篇综述中，提供了一个关于 NO 介导的金属毒性保护的最新概述。在仔细审查了 NO 的生物合成途径之后，重点关注了 NO 与氧化还原稳态的相互作用，以及在金属过量下植物的光合作用性能。
