Li Mengyao, Leidner Bernhard, Fernandez-Campos Silvia
University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2020 Mar;46(3):424-438. doi: 10.1177/0146167219858652. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
Three experiments (total = 1,061) examined the morally disengaging function of perspective-taking with ingroup perpetrators in intergroup conflict. In the context of the Iran-U.S. conflict, Americans who strongly identified with their country showed increased perspective-taking with perpetrators, which in turn led to reduced support for retributive justice in response to the perpetration rather than suffering of intergroup violence (Experiment 1; = 191). Experiment 2 ( = 294) replicated these findings in the context of the Israel-Syria conflict with Israeli Jews and demonstrated that perspective-taking with ingroup perpetrators serves a similar function as moral disengagement. Experiment 3 ( = 576) manipulated perpetrator perspective-taking, demonstrating its causal effect on support for retributive justice, again moderated by ingroup identification. The negative implications of understanding perpetrators for addressing intergroup transgressions are discussed.
三项实验（共1061名参与者）考察了在群体间冲突中，对群体内犯罪者进行换位思考所产生的道德推脱作用。在美伊冲突的背景下，强烈认同自己国家的美国人对犯罪者的换位思考有所增加，这反过来又导致他们对报复性正义的支持减少，以回应群体间暴力的犯罪行为而非受害者所遭受的痛苦（实验1；n = 191）。实验2（n = 294）在以色列与叙利亚冲突的背景下，以以色列犹太人为对象重复了这些发现，并表明对群体内犯罪者进行换位思考起到了与道德推脱类似的作用。实验3（n = 576）对犯罪者的换位思考进行了操纵，证明了其对报复性正义支持的因果效应，同样受到群体认同的调节。文中讨论了理解犯罪者对处理群体间违法行为的负面影响。
