Kojima S, Kanazawa T, Kobayashi M, Niimura M, Hata H, Orido Y, Tokita K, Konno K
Department of Parasitology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 Jan;38(1):92-6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1988.38.92.
Epidemiologic studies' on schistosomiasis japonica were carried out in the Obitsu River basin of central Boso Peninsula, a newly found habitat of Oncomelania snails in Japan. Forty-five (4.1%) of 1,102 schoolchildren and 64 (10.4%) of 618 junior high school students were positive for the skin test with veronal buffered saline-extracted Schistosoma japonicum antigen. None was positive by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complement fixation test, double diffusion test in agar, and circumoval precipitin test. About one fifth of 356 adult inhabitants showed positive reactions in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and complement fixation test as well as in the skin test, although only 25 individuals (7%) were positive for the circumoval precipitin test. All of 70 individuals who had shown positive reactions in at least two of the immunological tests were negative for a series of 5 stool examinations with the AMS III method. Release of S.japonicum cercariae was not observed in 15,000 O. hupensis nosophora collected in this area. Repeated examinations by dipping mice into irrigation ditches were negative. These observations, with the fact that all of 15 patients reported from nearby hospitals to have schistosome eggs in their tissues were over 45 years old, suggest that schistosomiasis has become a disease of the past in this area.
在日本房总半岛中部的小仏川河流域开展了日本血吸虫病的流行病学研究，该区域是日本新发现的钉螺栖息地。1102名学童中有45名（4.1%）、618名初中生中有64名（10.4%）对用巴比妥缓冲盐水提取的日本血吸虫抗原进行的皮肤试验呈阳性。酶联免疫吸附测定、补体结合试验、琼脂双向扩散试验和环卵沉淀试验均无阳性结果。356名成年居民中约五分之一在酶联免疫吸附测定、补体结合试验以及皮肤试验中呈阳性反应，尽管只有25人（7%）环卵沉淀试验呈阳性。在至少两项免疫学试验中呈阳性反应的70人中，采用AMS III法进行的5次粪便检查结果均为阴性。在该地区采集的15000只湖北钉螺指名亚种中未观察到日本血吸虫尾蚴逸出。将小鼠放入灌溉沟渠反复检查结果均为阴性。这些观察结果，以及附近医院报告的15例组织中有血吸虫卵的患者均超过45岁这一事实，表明该地区血吸虫病已成为过去的疾病。
