From the Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services (T.G., K.N.M., C.G.), University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD; Department of Emergency Medicine (T.G.), Children's National Health System and George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Surgery (J.D.P.), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Johns Hopkins Department of Emergency Medicine (R.T.Jr., M.J.L.), Baltimore, MD; Department of Fire and Rescue (M.J.L.), Howard County. MD; and National Center for Disaster Medicine & Public Health (C.G.), Rockville, MD.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019 Jul;87(1S Suppl 1):S35-S39. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000002198.
Throughout history, battlefield medicine has led to advancements in civilian trauma care. In the most recent conflicts of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan/Operation Iraqi Freedom, one of the most important advances is increasing use of point-of-injury hemorrhage control with tourniquets. Tourniquets are gradually gaining acceptance in the civilian medical world-in both the prehospital setting and trauma centers. An analysis of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) data shows an increase of prehospital tourniquet utilization from 0 to nearly 4,000 between 2008 and 2016. Additionally, bystander educational campaigns such as the Stop the Bleed program is expanding, now with over 125,000 trained on tourniquet placement. Because the medical community and the population at large has broader acceptance and training on the use of tourniquets, there is greater potential for saving lives from preventable hemorrhagic deaths.
纵观历史，战地医学推动了民用创伤护理的进步。在最近的阿富汗“持久自由行动”/伊拉克“自由行动”冲突中，最重要的进展之一是越来越多地使用止血带控制创伤时的出血。止血带在民用医疗领域——包括院前环境和创伤中心——逐渐得到认可。对紧急医疗服务（EMS）数据的分析表明，2008 年至 2016 年间，院前使用止血带的数量从 0 增加到近 4000。此外，像“停止出血”这样的旁观者教育活动正在扩大，现在已有超过 125000 人接受了止血带使用培训。由于医疗界和广大民众更广泛地接受和培训使用止血带，因此更有可能挽救因可预防的出血性死亡而本可避免的生命。
