Nikolaidis Pantelis T, Papaioannou Konstantinos-Georgios, Rosemann Thomas, Knechtle Beat
Laboratory of Exercise Testing, Hellenic Air Force Academy, Greece.
School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Mil Med. 2019 Oct 1;184(9-10):e426-e430. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usz152.
Strength training has been routinely used in exercise programs of military groups; however, no review has been ever conducted to clarify the selection of exercise tests to monitor its effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to critically evaluate the current practices in the choice of assessment methods for muscle strength in military and suggest directions for future research.
The Scopus and Pubmed databases were searched in December 2018 using "fitness assessment OR muscle strength AND military OR army" as keywords.
Methodological concerns were highlighted in exercise testing of muscle strength, where the use of appropriate tests were recommended (handgrip, isokinetic or 1RM in bench or leg press) to complement tests that measured muscle endurance rather than muscle strength (e.g., timed push-ups or sit-ups).
Although strength training has been included in military training, it was concluded that the existed physical fitness test batteries focused mostly on muscle endurance rather than on muscle strength. Therefore, it would be suggested that muscle strength tests be included in future physical fitness test batteries in order to evaluate effectively the content of military training.
力量训练在军事团体的训练计划中经常被使用；然而，从未有过综述来阐明用于监测其效果的运动测试的选择。因此，本综述的目的是批判性地评估当前军事领域肌肉力量评估方法的选择实践，并为未来研究提出方向。
2018年12月，使用“体能评估或肌肉力量与军事或军队”作为关键词在Scopus和Pubmed数据库中进行搜索。
肌肉力量运动测试中的方法学问题受到关注，推荐使用适当的测试（握力、等速测试或卧推或腿举的1RM）来补充测量肌肉耐力而非肌肉力量的测试（如定时俯卧撑或仰卧起坐）。
尽管力量训练已被纳入军事训练，但得出的结论是，现有的体能测试组合大多侧重于肌肉耐力而非肌肉力量。因此，建议在未来的体能测试组合中纳入肌肉力量测试，以便有效评估军事训练内容。
