Division of Populational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Communication and Information on Science and Technology in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Division of Populational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Addict Behav. 2019 Nov;98:106007. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.031. Epub 2019 May 29.
Cigarette smoking prevalence is declining, however, other tobacco products have emerged recently, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and narghile (hookah/shisha/waterpipe). Narghile sales are not prohibited in Brazil, but e-cigarettes are. Accurate estimates of such products are key for proper monitoring and control.
To describe the prevalence of e-cigarettes and narghile use and to investigate whether sociodemographic characteristics of individuals who are using these products differ from those who are using manufactured cigarettes.
Using a nationally representative sample survey of Brazilians aged 12-65 years in 2015, we estimated the prevalence rates of each tobacco products within the last 12-months, stratified by macro-region, municipality size, sex-at-birth, sexual orientation, color/race, age-group, and monthly income. Multivariable logistic models were fitted to understand determinants of each tobacco product use, considering the complex sample design.
E-cigarette, narghile, and cigarette prevalence rates were estimated at 0.43%, 1.65% and 15.35%, respectively, corresponding to around 0.6million e-cigarette users, 2.5 million narghile users and 23.5 million cigarette users. Non-heterosexual individuals were a most-at-risk group for both e-cigarette/narghile and cigarette use. Despite similarities, e-cigarette/narghile users were younger and had higher socioeconomic status than cigarette users. Additional analyses showed that recent cigarette use seems to be more associated with e-cigarette/narghile use among youth than among adults.
Our findings may provide valuable information about e-cigarette/narghile use in Brazil. Prevention strategies targeted to youth to both narghile and e-cigarettes use should be implemented together, which might be one strategy to prevent the emergency of a new generation of smokers in Brazil.
尽管吸烟率在下降，但最近又出现了其他烟草产品，如烟斗（水烟袋）和电子烟。巴西没有禁止销售水烟，但电子烟则不然。准确估计这些产品的使用情况是进行适当监测和控制的关键。
描述电子烟和水烟的使用情况，并调查使用这些产品的人与使用传统香烟的人在社会人口统计学特征上是否存在差异。
利用 2015 年巴西全国代表性的 12-65 岁人群抽样调查数据，我们估计了在过去 12 个月内每种烟草产品的使用频率，按大区、城市规模、出生性别、性取向、肤色/种族、年龄组和月收入进行分层。考虑到复杂的样本设计，我们使用多变量逻辑模型来了解每种烟草产品使用的决定因素。
电子烟、水烟和香烟的使用率分别估计为 0.43%、1.65%和 15.35%，对应的电子烟使用者约为 60 万人，水烟使用者约为 250 万人，香烟使用者约为 2350 万人。非异性恋者是电子烟/水烟和香烟使用的高危人群。尽管存在相似之处，但电子烟/水烟使用者比香烟使用者年龄更小，社会经济地位更高。进一步的分析表明，在年轻人中，最近使用香烟似乎与电子烟/水烟的使用更为相关，而在成年人中则不然。
我们的研究结果可能为了解巴西的电子烟/水烟使用情况提供了有价值的信息。针对年轻人的预防策略应同时针对水烟和电子烟使用，这可能是防止新一代吸烟者在巴西出现的一种策略。
