Romero-Naranjo Fernando, Espinosa-Uquillas Carlos, Gordillo-Altamirano Fernando, Barrera-Guarderas Francisco
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Medicina (Faculty of Medicine), Quito, Ecuador.
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Medicina (Faculty of Medicine), Quito, Ecuador; Centro de Salud Chimbacalle, Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
P R Health Sci J. 2019 Jun;38(2):102-108.
To quantify the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Ecuador and to determine its association, or lack thereof, with demographic and clinical variables, particularly with the comorbidities and complications of DM.
This was an analytical cross-sectional study with 325 patients attending regular care at a primary health care center in Quito, Ecuador. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol 5-dimension 3-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire. The patients were screened for diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Clinical files were reviewed to obtain data regarding gender, age, time since diagnosis, type of treatment, glycemic control, and history (if any) of hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. Associations were verified using the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test, and the confounding effects of the variables "age" and "gender" were controlled for using logistic regression analysis.
The mean HRQoL for the population was 0.844 (±0.215) on the EQ-5D-3L index (EQ-Index) and 80.6 (±18.8) on the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). The prevalence of DM complications was 1.8% for nephropathy, 14.8% for retinopathy, and 14.5% for PAD. Of the participating patients, 66.8% presented hypertension and 91.4%, dyslipidemia. Significant associations were found between lower scores on the EQ-Index and age (≥65 years) (0.84 vs. 0.87; p = 0.016), time since diagnosis (≥10 years) (0.81 vs. 0.87; p = 0.005), presence of hypertension (0.83 vs. 0.88; p = 0.017), and, after controlling for age and gender, presence of nephropathy. For the EQ-VAS, only time since diagnosis (≥10 years) was associated with a lower score (77.99 vs. 82.97; p = 0.043).
Older age, longer disease duration, hypertension, and nephropathy are associated with having a lower HRQoL, in patients with type 2 DM in Quito, Ecuador.
量化厄瓜多尔2型糖尿病（DM）患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL），并确定其与人口统计学和临床变量之间的关联，特别是与DM的合并症和并发症之间的关联（或无关联）。
这是一项分析性横断面研究，研究对象为厄瓜多尔基多一家初级卫生保健中心接受常规护理的325例患者。使用欧洲五维度健康量表（EQ-5D-3L）问卷测量HRQoL。对患者进行糖尿病肾病、视网膜病变和外周动脉疾病（PAD）筛查。查阅临床档案以获取有关性别、年龄、诊断后时间、治疗类型、血糖控制以及高血压和/或血脂异常病史（如有）的数据。使用曼-惠特尼U检验或克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验验证关联，并使用逻辑回归分析控制变量“年龄”和“性别”的混杂效应。
在EQ-5D-3L指数（EQ-Index）上，总体人群的平均HRQoL为0.844（±0.215），在EQ视觉模拟量表（EQ-VAS）上为80.6（±18.8）。DM并发症的患病率分别为：肾病1.8%，视网膜病变14.8%，PAD 14.5%。在参与研究的患者中，66.8%患有高血压，91.4%患有血脂异常。在EQ-Index得分较低与年龄（≥65岁）（0.84对0.87；p = 0.016）、诊断后时间（≥10年）（0.81对0.87；p = 0.005）、高血压的存在（0.83对0.88；p = 0.017）以及在控制年龄和性别后肾病的存在之间发现了显著关联。对于EQ-VAS，只有诊断后时间（≥10年）与较低得分相关（77.99对82.97；p = 0.043）。
在厄瓜多尔基多的2型DM患者中，年龄较大、病程较长、高血压和肾病与较低的HRQoL相关。
