Patel Bhavik H, Okoroha Kelechi R, Jildeh Toufic R, Lu Yining, Idarraga Alexander J, Nwachukwu Benedict U, Shen Sarek A, Forsythe Brian
Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2019 Jun 27;7(6):2325967119854199. doi: 10.1177/2325967119854199. eCollection 2019 Jun.
The effect of concussions on professional athletes has been investigated in many sports. However, few studies have evaluated concussions in National Basketball Association (NBA) players.
We hypothesized that concussion incidence has increased, yet the return-to-play (RTP) rate will remain high following the institution of the NBA concussion policy (NBACP). We also hypothesized that the incidence of repeat concussions will be similar to first occurrences and that player performance and game availability will not be significantly affected by sustaining a concussion.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Publicly available records were searched to identify all concussions from NBA seasons 1999-2000 to 2017-2018. Player demographics and information regarding career history were tabulated. Incidence of concussion and RTP timing were evaluated before and after institution of the NBACP (2011). Minutes per game and game score per minute were evaluated pre- versus postconcussion. Player availability and performance were also compared with an age-, body mass index-, position-, and experience-matched control group of players who did not sustain a concussion.
A total of 189 concussions were reported in the NBA from 1999 to 2018, with a mean ± SD incidence of 9.7 ± 7.3 concussions per season. Following implementation of the NBACP, incidence significantly increased from 5.7 ± 2.8 to 16.7 ± 7.5 concussions per season ( = .007). All players returned to play following first-time concussion after missing 7.7 ± 8.6 days and 3.5 ± 4.1 games. RTP time was not significantly different after implementation of the NBACP (games missed, = .24; days missed, = .27), and there was no difference in concussion-free time interval ( = .29). Game score per minute and minutes per game were not significantly affected by sustaining a concussion (both > .05).
Concussion incidence in NBA players is approximately 17 instances per season since the 2011 institution of a league-wide concussion policy. The number of reported concussions significantly increased following the policy, in line with trends seen in other professional sports leagues. Players have retained a high rate of RTP after 3 to 4 missed games. Player performance and availability are not affected by sustaining a concussion following successful RTP.
许多体育项目都对脑震荡对职业运动员的影响进行了研究。然而，很少有研究评估美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）球员的脑震荡情况。
我们假设脑震荡发生率有所上升，但在NBA脑震荡政策（NBACP）实施后，复出参赛（RTP）率仍将保持较高水平。我们还假设再次发生脑震荡的发生率将与首次发生时相似，并且球员的表现和比赛出勤率不会因遭受脑震荡而受到显著影响。
描述性流行病学研究。
搜索公开记录以确定1999 - 2000赛季至2017 - 2018赛季NBA所有的脑震荡情况。将球员的人口统计学信息和职业经历信息制成表格。评估NBACP（2011年）实施前后的脑震荡发生率和RTP时间。比较脑震荡前后的场均比赛分钟数和每分钟比赛得分。还将球员的出勤率和表现与未遭受脑震荡的年龄、体重指数、位置和经验相匹配的对照组球员进行比较。
1999年至2018年NBA共报告了189起脑震荡，平均每赛季发生率为9.7±7.3起脑震荡。NBACP实施后，每赛季的发生率从5.7±2.8显著增加至16.7±7.5起脑震荡（P = 0.007）。所有球员在首次脑震荡后缺席7.7±8.6天和3.5±4.1场比赛后均复出参赛。NBACP实施后RTP时间无显著差异（缺席比赛场次，P = 0.24；缺席天数，P = 0.27），且无脑震荡的时间间隔也无差异（P = 0.29）。遭受脑震荡对每分钟比赛得分和场均比赛分钟数均无显著影响（均P>0.05）。
自2011年联盟范围内实施脑震荡政策以来，NBA球员的脑震荡发生率约为每赛季17例。政策实施后报告的脑震荡数量显著增加，与其他职业体育联盟的趋势一致。球员在缺席3至4场比赛后仍保持较高的RTP率。成功复出参赛后，球员的表现和出勤率不受脑震荡的影响。
