Parmar Romir, Tummala Sailesh V, Morikawa Landon, Haglin Jack, Patel Karan, Chhabra Anikar
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 Mar 3;13(3):23259671251319507. doi: 10.1177/23259671251319507. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Concussions have previously been shown to have persistent neurological changes represented by altered reaction time and postural stability in high-level athletes. The effects of concussions on professional basketball players' performance and subsequent injuries during the 90 days after return to play (RTP) have not been investigated.
PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: the purpose of this study was to evaluate player statistical performance and risk of musculoskeletal (MSK) injury within 90 days of RTP from a diagnosed concussion. It was hypothesized that within the 90 days after RTP from a concussion, players would be at a greater risk for MSK injury with an associated decrease in player statistical performance.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Concussions sustained by National Basketball Association (NBA) players between the 2015-2016 and 2021-2022 seasons, excluding the 2019-2020 season, were evaluated using a publicly available database. The database was queried to identify any MSK injury in the 90-day post-RTP period after a concussion, along with time loss after subsequent injury. Performance statistics were obtained from each player's preindex season and postindex season, as well as defined time points within the 90-day post-RTP period. Each concussed player was matched 1 to 1 with a nonconcussed control using position, win shares, player efficiency rating, and points per game. MSK injury incidence and player statistics in the concussion group were compared with controls using unpaired Student tests.
A total of 70 concussions were identified in 70 professional basketball players and included in this analysis. A total of 49 players sustained an MSK injury in the 90-day post-RTP period (70%). Compared with controls, the odds of sustaining an MSK injury in the concussed cohort were 11.3 times greater (95% CI, 5.04-25.2; < .001). Games missed after subsequent MSK injury were similar between the concussed and control groups ( = .687). Comparisons over the 90-day post-RTP period did not reveal any significant changes in points per game, minutes per game, or true shooting percentage ( > .05). When compared with controls, no changes in performance statistics were significantly different ( > .05).
Our analysis demonstrates that basketball players who sustain concussions are at a significantly increased risk for subsequent MSK injury within the 90-day post-RTP period but not player performance. Knowledge of this increased risk of MSK injury in concussed athletes can help guide concussion management for proper RTP and targeted rehabilitation in professional basketball players.
此前已有研究表明，脑震荡会导致高水平运动员出现持续的神经学变化，表现为反应时间和姿势稳定性改变。但脑震荡对职业篮球运动员恢复比赛（RTP）后90天内的表现及后续受伤情况的影响尚未得到研究。
目的/假设：本研究的目的是评估确诊脑震荡后RTP 90天内运动员的统计表现和肌肉骨骼（MSK）损伤风险。研究假设是，在脑震荡后RTP的90天内，运动员发生MSK损伤的风险更高，且运动员的统计表现会相应下降。
描述性流行病学研究。
利用一个公开数据库对2015 - 2016赛季至2021 - 2022赛季（不包括2019 - 2020赛季）美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）球员所遭受的脑震荡进行评估。查询该数据库以确定脑震荡后RTP 90天内的任何MSK损伤以及后续受伤后的停赛时间。从每位球员的伤前赛季、伤后赛季以及RTP后90天内的特定时间点获取表现统计数据。使用位置、胜利贡献值、球员效率值和场均得分，将每位脑震荡球员与一名未受脑震荡的对照球员进行1对1匹配。使用非配对学生t检验将脑震荡组的MSK损伤发生率和球员统计数据与对照组进行比较。
在70名职业篮球运动员中总共确定了70次脑震荡，并纳入本分析。共有49名球员在RTP后90天内发生了MSK损伤（70%）。与对照组相比，脑震荡队列中发生MSK损伤的几率高11.3倍（95%CI，5.04 - 25.2；P <.001）。脑震荡组和对照组在后续MSK损伤后的缺赛场次相似（P =.687）。在RTP后的90天内进行比较，未发现场均得分、场均上场时间或真实投篮命中率有任何显著变化（P >.05）。与对照组相比，表现统计数据没有显著差异（P >.05）。
我们的分析表明，遭受脑震荡的篮球运动员在RTP后90天内发生后续MSK损伤的风险显著增加，但球员表现并未受影响。了解脑震荡运动员MSK损伤风险增加这一情况，有助于指导职业篮球运动员的脑震荡管理，以实现适当的RTP和有针对性的康复。
