Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2019 Aug 1;95(8). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiz110.
To understand the response of soil microbial communities in different types of wetlands to anthropogenic disturbances, this study focused on a freshwater wetland (Sanjiang Wetland) and a salt marsh (Momoge Wetland) and sampled cultivated, degraded, and natural soils in these wetlands. High-throughput sequencing was applied to characterize the soil microbial community composition, and physicochemical properties, including pH, total nitrogen, total carbon, and soil water content (SWC), were measured. The results revealed that the total nitrogen, total carbon, and SWC were significantly lower in disturbed soil in the freshwater wetland but higher in the salt marsh. Generally, under anthropogenic disturbances, microbial community diversity decreased in the freshwater wetland and increased in the salt marsh. The bacterial community structure in the salt marsh was more sensitive than that in the freshwater wetland, while the fungal community structure in the freshwater wetland was more susceptible than that in the salt marsh. The results of indicator value analyses revealed specific issues in two wetlands, such as methane generation and anoxic conditions. This study shows that soil microbiomes in two types of wetlands respond differently to human activities, which implies that the type of native wetlands should be considered in the exploitation of wetlands.
为了了解不同类型湿地中土壤微生物群落对人为干扰的响应，本研究聚焦于淡水湿地（三江湿地）和盐沼（莫莫格湿地），并在这些湿地中采集了人工、退化和自然土壤样本。本研究采用高通量测序来描述土壤微生物群落组成，并测量了包括 pH、总氮、总碳和土壤含水量（SWC）在内的理化性质。结果表明，在淡水湿地中，受干扰土壤的总氮、总碳和 SWC 显著降低，但在盐沼中则升高。总的来说，在人为干扰下，淡水湿地的微生物群落多样性降低，而盐沼的微生物群落多样性增加。盐沼的细菌群落结构比淡水湿地更敏感，而淡水湿地的真菌群落结构比盐沼更容易受到影响。指示物种分析的结果揭示了两个湿地中的具体问题，例如甲烷产生和缺氧条件。本研究表明，两种湿地的土壤微生物组对人类活动的响应不同，这意味着在开发湿地时应考虑到本地湿地的类型。
