Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.
Health Psychol Rev. 2020 Sep;14(3):394-426. doi: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1641424. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) often face significant stress, ranging from perceiving identity changes to encountering barriers to daily health behavior engagement. To manage these experiences, many people use positive reappraisal coping (including benefit finding and perceiving growth). Effective coping is highly important for PLWHA; stress reduction has salutary effects on multiple indicators of health. The present systematic review, conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, synthesises findings from 33 studies of PLWHA, addressing effects of positive reappraisal on health-related outcomes for adults living with HIV as a chronic illness. Studies were evaluated based on methodological considerations, measurement of key variables, and implications for specific aspects of health. Results suggest that positive reappraisal is often beneficial when dealing with the implications of a potentially traumatic HIV diagnosis on one's identity, although effects may be contextually bound. Implications of these findings are reviewed, emphasizing the importance of positive reappraisal for enhancing health promotion and self-management of HIV. Although the present review is limited by inclusion of multiple disparate outcomes and exclusion of non-English-language articles, these findings inform a comprehensive model of direct and indirect effects of positive reappraisal on emotional, functional, physiological, and behavioural aspects of health useful for guiding future research.
艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者（PLWHA）经常面临重大压力，从感知身份变化到遇到日常健康行为参与的障碍。为了应对这些经历，许多人使用积极的重新评估应对方式（包括发现益处和感知成长）。有效的应对方式对 PLWHA 非常重要；减轻压力对健康的多个指标都有有益的影响。本系统评价在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 CINAHL 中进行，综合了 33 项针对成年人的 HIV 作为慢性病的积极再评估对健康相关结果影响的研究。根据方法考虑、关键变量的测量以及对特定健康方面的影响对研究进行了评估。结果表明，积极的重新评估在处理 HIV 诊断对个人身份可能产生的创伤影响时通常是有益的，尽管其效果可能受到具体情况的限制。对这些发现的影响进行了审查，强调了积极的重新评估对于促进 HIV 的健康促进和自我管理的重要性。尽管本综述受到包括多种不同结果和排除非英语文章的限制，但这些发现为积极的重新评估对健康的情感、功能、生理和行为方面的直接和间接影响提供了一个综合模型，有助于指导未来的研究。
