Guillermo Cherie, Boushey Carol J, Franke Adrian A, Monroe Kristine R, Lim Unhee, Wilkens Lynne R, Le Marchand Loïc, Maskarinec Gertraud
Population Sciences in the Pacific, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2020 Mar-Apr;39(3):216-223. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1635921. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
To understand how diet quality affects chronic disease etiology, the associations of 4 diet quality indices with blood levels of lipid-soluble micronutrients and biomarkers of inflammation, lipid, and glucose metabolism were examined in 5 ethnic groups. In a cross-sectional design, the Adiposity Phenotype Study, a subset of the Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles, recruited participants of white, African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, and Latino ancestry. A total of 896 men and 910 women completed a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric measurements and donated a fasting blood sample. Using general linear models, covariate-adjusted mean levels of lipid-soluble micronutrients (total carotenes, lycopene, total tocopherols, total lutein, cryptoxanthins), biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text]), adipokines (adiponectin, leptin), lipids (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], triglycerides), and glucose metabolism (glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) were computed across tertiles of 4 dietary indices Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010, Alternative HEI (AHEI)-2010, alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH); trends were evaluated in models with diet quality scores as continuous variables. With better diet quality, levels of carotenes, lutein, cryptoxanthin, adiponectin, and HDL-C were significantly higher ( < 0.01), whereas levels of CRP, leptin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR were inversely associated ( < 0.05) with diet quality. With the exception of cryptoxanthins and triglycerides, the associations were consistent across ethnic groups. These findings confirm the association between diet quality and nutrition-related biomarkers and support the idea that a high-quality diet positively influences biologic pathways involved in chronic disease etiology across different ethnic groups.
为了解饮食质量如何影响慢性病病因，在5个种族群体中研究了4种饮食质量指数与脂溶性微量营养素血液水平以及炎症、脂质和葡萄糖代谢生物标志物之间的关联。在一项横断面设计中，肥胖表型研究作为夏威夷和洛杉矶多民族队列的一个子集，招募了白人、非裔美国人、夏威夷原住民、日裔美国人和拉丁裔血统的参与者。共有896名男性和910名女性完成了一份经过验证的定量食物频率问卷和人体测量，并捐献了空腹血样。使用一般线性模型，计算了脂溶性微量营养素（总胡萝卜素、番茄红素、总生育酚、总叶黄素、隐黄质）、炎症生物标志物（C反应蛋白[CRP]、肿瘤坏死因子-[公式：见原文]）、脂肪因子（脂联素、瘦素）、脂质（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[HDL-C]、甘油三酯）和葡萄糖代谢（葡萄糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估[HOMA-IR]）在4种饮食指数（健康饮食指数[HEI]-2010、替代HEI[AHEI]-2010、替代地中海饮食[aMED]、终止高血压饮食方法[DASH]）三分位数中的协变量调整后平均水平；在以饮食质量分数作为连续变量的模型中评估趋势。随着饮食质量提高，胡萝卜素、叶黄素、隐黄质、脂联素和HDL-C水平显著升高（<0.01），而CRP、瘦素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、葡萄糖、胰岛素和HOMA-IR水平与饮食质量呈负相关（<0.05）。除隐黄质和甘油三酯外，各民族群体之间的关联是一致的。这些发现证实了饮食质量与营养相关生物标志物之间的关联，并支持这样一种观点，即高质量饮食对不同种族群体中参与慢性病病因的生物学途径有积极影响。
