Grillo Calogero, La Mantia Ignazio, Grillo Caterina M, Ciprandi Giorgio, Ragusa Martina, Andaloro Claudio
Otolayngology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2019 Jul 10;90(7-S):45-51. doi: 10.23750/abm.v90i7-S.8658.
It has been described that exposure to tobacco smoke causes worsening of allergic rhinitis symptoms. Otherwise, some studies have demonstrated a negative association between cigarette smoke and allergic rhinitis (AR). Given this inconsistency, this study evaluated the quality of life and immuno-inflammatory parameters in current smokers and nonsmokers suffering from AR. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in patients who presented symptoms of AR. Patients were categorized into two groups: current smokers and non-smokers based on salivary cotinine measurements. Primary outcomes were the levels of immuno-inflammatory biomarkers (IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and IL-33) in serum and nasal lavage and the quality of life assessed by the Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ). Secondary outcomes included salivary cotinine levels, and pulmonary function parameters, such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC ratio. Twenty-two patients per group were included in the analysis, with no significant difference regarding demographic characteristics. Statistically significant higher values in salivary cotinine levels (p<0.001) and lower lung function FEV1 (p=0.044) and FEV1/FVC (p=0.047) were found in smokers than in nonsmokers. Only serum IL-33 was significantly different in the 2 groups (p<0.001): smokers had higher values compared to non-smokers. There were no significant differences in MiniRQLQ parameters. Although cigarette smoking was not associated with more severe symptoms, smoking could be associated with increased risk of developing airway remodeling and decreased lung function in AR patients, thus appropriate treatment should be prescribed if smoke avoidance is unfeasible.
据描述，接触烟草烟雾会导致过敏性鼻炎症状加重。然而，一些研究表明香烟烟雾与过敏性鼻炎（AR）之间存在负相关。鉴于这种不一致性，本研究评估了患有AR的当前吸烟者和非吸烟者的生活质量和免疫炎症参数。对出现AR症状的患者进行了一项比较横断面研究。根据唾液可替宁测量结果，将患者分为两组：当前吸烟者和非吸烟者。主要结局是血清和鼻腔灌洗中免疫炎症生物标志物（IgE、IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、IL-17和IL-33）的水平，以及通过迷你鼻结膜炎生活质量问卷（MiniRQLQ）评估的生活质量。次要结局包括唾液可替宁水平和肺功能参数，如用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）和FEV1/FVC比值。每组纳入22例患者进行分析，在人口统计学特征方面无显著差异。发现吸烟者的唾液可替宁水平（p<0.001）、较低的肺功能FEV1（p=0.044）和FEV1/FVC（p=0.047）在统计学上显著高于非吸烟者。两组之间仅血清IL-33有显著差异（p<0.001）：吸烟者的值高于非吸烟者。MiniRQLQ参数无显著差异。虽然吸烟与更严重的症状无关，但吸烟可能与AR患者气道重塑风险增加和肺功能下降有关，因此如果无法避免吸烟，应开具适当的治疗药物。
