Chen Ruzhi, An Wei, Liu Xueting, Yan Jie, Huang Yuyi, Zhang Junyan
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Allergy. 2024 Nov 27;5:1509552. doi: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1509552. eCollection 2024.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global disease with high prevalence. It reduces the patient's quality of life seriously. The health care and management of AR was also a heavy social burden. Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only curative treatment for AR that may alter the natural course of this disease. However, acceptance and compliance of SIT in AR patients are still not high and many patients are not effectively controlled. Disease prevention based on known risk factors is much more cost-effective compared to post-diagnosis treatment. There have been some reports on the risk factors of AR up to now, but the information is fragmented. This review systemically clarified the risk factors of AR including hereditary factors and family history, maternal situation & mode of delivery and feeding, personal characteristics, nutrition and food intake, personal behavior and habits, acquired environmental and chemical exposure, diseases and health status. The preventive strategies were also proposed briefly. This review was hopeful to improve people's awareness of the risk factors of AR and put forward AR prevention.
变应性鼻炎（AR）是一种全球患病率很高的疾病。它严重降低了患者的生活质量。AR的医疗保健和管理也是一项沉重的社会负担。特异性免疫疗法（SIT）是唯一可能改变AR自然病程的治愈性治疗方法。然而，AR患者对SIT的接受度和依从性仍然不高，许多患者没有得到有效控制。与诊断后治疗相比，基于已知风险因素的疾病预防更具成本效益。到目前为止，已有一些关于AR风险因素的报道，但信息零散。本综述系统地阐明了AR的风险因素，包括遗传因素和家族史、母亲情况及分娩和喂养方式、个人特征、营养和食物摄入、个人行为和习惯、后天环境和化学暴露、疾病和健康状况。还简要提出了预防策略。本综述有望提高人们对AR风险因素的认识并提出AR预防措施。
