Wilson Oliver W A, Bopp Christopher M, Papalia Zack, Bopp Melissa
Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
Clin Obes. 2019 Oct;9(5):e12331. doi: 10.1111/cob.12331. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
Researchers, policymakers and clinicians commonly use height and weight to determine body mass index (BMI) and classify weight status. Self-report measures are widely used but often result in misreported height and weight and, consequentially, underestimation of BMI and-potentially-weight status misclassification. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in objective and self-reported height, weight and BMI values and to find whether discordance is associated with other anthropometric measures, fitness and physical activity. Data were collected from college students through: (a) a pre-consultation online questionnaire where participants self-reported gender, height and weight; (b) an objective fitness assessment that assessed height, weight, body fat percentage, abdominal girth and predicted aerobic fitness; and (c) a post-assessment electronic survey that assessed physical activity. Parametric and non-parametric analyses examined differences between groups. Objective and self-reported height and weight data were collected from 1061 participants, 224 of whom also provided physical activity data. Women significantly under-reported weight (P = .003, η = 0.02), and both genders over-reported height (P < .001, η ≥ 0.07), resulting in a significant difference between BMIs calculated using the different measures (P < .001, η ≥ 0.07) and the weight status misclassification of ~15% of participants. Significant differences were found in anthropometrics, fitness and physical activity based on reporting differences for weight (P ≤ .015) and BMI (P ≤ .015). Students demonstrated a tendency to under-report weight and over-report height, resulting in weight status misclassification. Those who under-reported weight tended to be in poorer health as indicated by lower aerobic fitness and higher abdominal girth and body fat percentage in particular. Further research is required to establish the link between under-reporting weight and over-reporting physical activity.
研究人员、政策制定者和临床医生通常使用身高和体重来确定体重指数（BMI）并对体重状况进行分类。自我报告的测量方法被广泛使用，但常常导致身高和体重报告有误，进而导致BMI被低估以及可能出现体重状况误分类。本研究的目的是检查客观测量与自我报告的身高、体重和BMI值之间的差异，并探究不一致是否与其他人体测量指标、健康状况和身体活动有关。通过以下方式从大学生中收集数据：（a）一份咨询前的在线问卷，参与者在问卷中自我报告性别、身高和体重；（b）一项客观的健康评估，评估身高、体重、体脂百分比、腹围和预测的有氧适能；（c）一项评估后的电子调查，评估身体活动情况。采用参数分析和非参数分析来检验组间差异。从1061名参与者中收集了客观测量与自我报告的身高和体重数据，其中224人还提供了身体活动数据。女性显著少报了体重（P = 0.003，η = 0.02），且男女两性均多报了身高（P < 0.001，η ≥ 0.07），这导致使用不同测量方法计算出的BMI之间存在显著差异（P < 0.001，η ≥ 0.07），约15%的参与者体重状况被误分类。基于体重（P ≤ 0.015）和BMI（P ≤ 0.015）报告差异，在人体测量指标、健康状况和身体活动方面发现了显著差异。学生们表现出少报体重和多报身高的倾向，导致体重状况误分类。少报体重的学生健康状况往往较差，具体表现为有氧适能较低、腹围和体脂百分比较高。需要进一步研究来确定少报体重与多报身体活动之间的联系。
