Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 1010 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, D.C, 20003, USA.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2024 Oct;11(5):2711-2719. doi: 10.1007/s40615-023-01734-y. Epub 2023 Aug 15.
Self-reported data of physical activity are practical and inexpensive ways to collect data, although, subject to significant measurement errors. Most physical activity questionnaires used in the USA have been predominately validated among non-Hispanic White American populations with limited attention paid to the validity of the measures among racial/ethnic minorities. Additionally, there are limited studies that have evaluated factors related to over- and under-reporting errors linked to self-reported physical activity data, particularly among African Americans. The primary objectives of this study were to validate self-reported levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior among African-American men and women against objective measurements and to identify the factors related to under- and over-reporting.
This study was a 7-day, cross-sectional study conducted on African-American men and women (n = 56) who were between 21-70 years of age. Participants were required to attend two study visits for the collection of self-reported and objective measurements of physical activity and sedentary behavior (VO, DEXA scan, anthropometrics, ActivPal accelerometer, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaire.
Overall, energy expenditure measured by ActivPal was 24.1 MET/hr/week whereas self-reported (IPAQ) energy expenditure was 52.66 MET/hr/week. Self-reported sedentary time was 40.37 h/week, whereas sedentary time measured by ActivPal was 63.03 h/week. Obese participants tended to over-report their physical activity levels more so than non-obese participants (Obese, Activpal-23.89 MET/hr/week vs IPAQ-58.98 MET/hr/week; Non-obese, Activpal - 24.48 MET/hr/week vs IPAQ - 42.55 MET/hr/week). Both obese and non-obese participants underestimated their sedentary time (Obese, Activpal - 66.89 h/week vs IPAQ-43.92 h/week; Non-obese, Activpal -56.07 h/week vs IPAQ - 33.98 h/week).
The results of this study found that the ActivPal validated physical activity and sedentary behavior among African-Americans. Self-reported data were found to be highly variable, whereas the objective assessments of physical activity and sedentary behavior had limited variability. It was also found that obese individuals over-estimated their self-reported physical activity levels and under-estimated sedentary behavior in comparison to the ActivPal. These findings strongly support the need to measure physical activity and sedentary behaviors objectively, particularly among African-Americans.
体力活动的自我报告数据是收集数据的实用且廉价的方法，尽管存在显著的测量误差。在美国，大多数用于非西班牙裔白种美国人的体力活动问卷主要经过验证，但在少数族裔中，对这些测量方法的有效性关注较少。此外，很少有研究评估与自我报告体力活动数据相关的过度和过低报告错误的因素，特别是在非裔美国人中。本研究的主要目的是验证非裔美国男性和女性的体力活动和久坐行为的自我报告水平与客观测量值，并确定与过度和过低报告相关的因素。
这是一项为期 7 天的横断面研究，在年龄在 21-70 岁之间的非裔美国男性和女性（n=56）中进行。参与者需要参加两次研究访问，以收集体力活动和久坐行为的自我报告和客观测量值（VO、DEXA 扫描、人体测量学、ActivPal 加速度计、静息代谢率（RMR）和国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）问卷）。
总体而言，ActivPal 测量的能量消耗为 24.1 MET/hr/week，而自我报告（IPAQ）的能量消耗为 52.66 MET/hr/week。自我报告的久坐时间为 40.37 小时/周，而 ActivPal 测量的久坐时间为 63.03 小时/周。肥胖参与者比非肥胖参与者更倾向于过度报告他们的体力活动水平（肥胖者，Activpal-23.89 MET/hr/week 比 IPAQ-58.98 MET/hr/week；非肥胖者，Activpal-24.48 MET/hr/week 比 IPAQ-42.55 MET/hr/week）。肥胖和非肥胖参与者都低估了他们的久坐时间（肥胖者，Activpal-66.89 小时/周比 IPAQ-43.92 小时/周；非肥胖者，Activpal-56.07 小时/周比 IPAQ-33.98 小时/周）。
本研究结果发现，ActivPal 验证了非裔美国人的体力活动和久坐行为。自我报告的数据变化很大，而体力活动和久坐行为的客观评估变化有限。研究还发现，与 ActivPal 相比，肥胖个体过度估计了他们的自我报告的体力活动水平，低估了他们的久坐行为。这些发现强烈支持需要客观地测量体力活动和久坐行为，特别是在非裔美国人中。
