Morris Ilene Berger, Vasudevan Erin, Schedel Margaret, Weymouth Daniel, Loomis Jay, Pinkhasov Tzvia, Muratori Lisa M
St. Charles Hospital, Port Jefferson, NY, United States.
School of Health Technology and Management, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
Front Neurosci. 2019 Jun 25;13:661. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00661. eCollection 2019.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex diagnosis commonly associated with motor dysfunction, but known to comprise cognitive, psychiatric, and mood disturbances as well. Music has been successfully used to address motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Still, little is known about the nature of an individual with PD's experience and relationship with music on conceptual and emotional levels, which may factor into their engagement in music-based techniques to ameliorate impairments. Two surveys were administered to 19 individuals with PD and 15 individuals without PD in order to gauge their subjective impressions and valuations of music. Participants completed The Brief Music Experience Questionnaire (BMEQ), a standard self-report measure pertaining to the role of music in one's life, prior to performing a perception task which involved listening to and making sound adjustments to three music recordings. Following the perception task, a custom Exit Survey was administered to evaluate the experience of listening to and engaging with the music in the perception task. In all six dimensions of the BMEQ, examining aspects of music experience including commitment to music, self-reported musical aptitude, social uplift, affective reactions, positive psychotropic effects, and reactive musical behavior (RMB, pertaining to actions or behaviors in response to music), the mean and the median were greater for the control group than for the PD group, but the difference was only statistically significant in the RMB dimension. On the Exit Survey, both groups assessed recent, specific, and interactive music listening more positively than the imagined, hypothetical or general music experiences addressed on the BMEQ. Additionally, familiarity had a greater effect on listening pleasure for participants with PD than those without PD. We conclude that people with PD may perceive less of an automatic connection between music and activity than their healthy peers. Additionally, they may receive more pleasure and value from music than they anticipate. Taken together, our results suggest that people with PD may require encouragement to participate as well as empowerment to choose familiar selections in order to better access music-based interventions and the benefits they can offer.
帕金森病（PD）是一种复杂的病症，通常与运动功能障碍相关，但也已知会伴有认知、精神和情绪障碍。音乐已成功用于改善帕金森病的运动和非运动症状。然而，对于帕金森病患者在概念和情感层面上与音乐的体验及关系的本质，我们知之甚少，而这可能会影响他们参与基于音乐的技术以改善功能障碍的程度。我们对19名帕金森病患者和15名非帕金森病患者进行了两项调查，以评估他们对音乐的主观印象和评价。参与者在执行一项感知任务之前完成了《简短音乐体验问卷》（BMEQ），这是一项关于音乐在个人生活中作用的标准自我报告测量工具，该感知任务包括聆听三首音乐录音并进行声音调整。在感知任务之后，进行了一项定制的退出调查，以评估在感知任务中聆听和参与音乐的体验。在BMEQ的所有六个维度中，考察音乐体验的各个方面，包括对音乐的投入、自我报告的音乐才能、社会提升、情感反应、积极的精神药物作用以及反应性音乐行为（RMB，与对音乐的反应行为相关），对照组的均值和中位数均高于帕金森病组，但差异仅在RMB维度上具有统计学意义。在退出调查中，两组对近期、特定和互动式音乐聆听的评价均比对BMEQ中所涉及的想象、假设或一般音乐体验更为积极。此外，与非帕金森病患者相比，熟悉程度对帕金森病患者的聆听愉悦感影响更大。我们得出结论，帕金森病患者可能比健康同龄人更难察觉到音乐与活动之间的自动联系。此外，他们从音乐中获得的愉悦和价值可能比预期更多。综上所述，我们的结果表明帕金森病患者可能需要鼓励参与以及有选择权来选择熟悉的曲目，以便更好地接受基于音乐的干预措施及其所能带来的益处。
