马拉维母亲母乳喂养行为的决定因素：基于人群的调查。
Determinants of breastfeeding practices among mothers in Malawi: a population-based survey.
机构信息
School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, TAIWAN.
Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education, Western University, 1137 Western Road London, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Int Health. 2020 Feb 12;12(2):132-141. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz034.
BACKGROUND
High rates of early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding have been reported in Malawi, yet the underlying factors are unknown. Our objective is to examine the determinants of breastfeeding practices for mothers of infants less than 24 months old in Malawi.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted using nationally representative data from the 2010 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used.
RESULTS
Of 7282 women, 95.4% initiated breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth; thereafter 71.3% of women practiced exclusive breastfeeding, 6.1% predominantly breastfed, and 1.9% chose bottle feeding exclusively. The odds of early initiation were higher among women with frequent antenatal care visits and multiparous mothers. Similarly, frequent antenatal care visits and hospital delivery were positive determinants for exclusive breastfeeding. Infants at 6 months of age were more likely to predominantly breastfeed than they were at 1 month. The odds of bottle feeding were higher among women who were educated, who delivered at a hospital.
CONCLUSIONS
Optimal breastfeeding practices are highly prevalent in Malawi. Health care practice emphasizing frequent antenatal care visits that provide breastfeeding education and breastfeeding support in hospital care after childbirth are important for sustaining breastfeeding.
背景
马拉维报告了较高的早期启动和纯母乳喂养率，但潜在因素尚不清楚。我们的目的是研究马拉维 24 个月以下婴儿的母亲母乳喂养行为的决定因素。
方法
使用 2010 年马拉维人口与健康调查的全国代表性数据进行了横断面研究。采用多变量逻辑回归分析。
结果
在 7282 名妇女中，95.4%的人在分娩后 1 小时内开始母乳喂养；此后，71.3%的妇女实行纯母乳喂养，6.1%的妇女主要母乳喂养，1.9%的妇女选择完全奶瓶喂养。有频繁产前护理就诊和多产母亲的妇女早期启动的可能性更高。同样，频繁的产前护理就诊和医院分娩是纯母乳喂养的积极决定因素。与 1 个月时相比，6 个月大的婴儿更有可能主要母乳喂养。接受过教育的妇女和在医院分娩的妇女选择奶瓶喂养的可能性更高。
结论
在马拉维，最佳的母乳喂养做法非常普遍。强调频繁产前护理就诊的医疗保健实践，为产后在医院护理中提供母乳喂养教育和支持，对于维持母乳喂养非常重要。
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