Institute for Therapy and Health Research, Harmsstr. 2, D-24114 Kiel, Germany.
Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Kiel, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Sep;279:40-46. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
Given recent findings of a worldwide increase in cannabis use, a better understanding of the factors associated with cannabis use is needed. Most previous studies have focused on factors that predict the initiation of cannabis use, but less is known about factors associated with cessation. The present study is a retrospective cohort study of 6467 current or former cannabis users aged 15 to 46 years (mean age 22.5, SD = 4.8). Data were collected via an online survey advertised in social media. All analyzed participants had used cannabis for at least three years. Approximately 16.3% (n = 1055) of the sample population had not used cannabis in the previous 12 months and were classified as quitters; all others (83.7%, n = 5412) reported at least monthly use. Cessation was predicted by older current age, being female, nonmigrant status, less sensation seeking, using psychological treatment, more peer cannabis use during youth and more negative first experience with cannabis. An additional predictor was a nonincrease in the frequency of cannabis use in the first three years of use, indicating that trajectories of cannabis use are set early on and might be used to identify risk groups for early preventive measures.
鉴于最近全球大麻使用量增加的发现，需要更好地了解与大麻使用相关的因素。大多数先前的研究都集中在预测大麻使用开始的因素上，但与戒断相关的因素知之甚少。本研究是一项回顾性队列研究，共纳入 6467 名年龄在 15 至 46 岁之间的当前或曾经的大麻使用者（平均年龄 22.5，标准差=4.8）。数据通过社交媒体上发布的在线调查收集。所有分析参与者至少使用大麻三年。大约 16.3%（n=1055）的样本人群在过去 12 个月内没有使用大麻，被归类为戒烟者；其余所有人（83.7%，n=5412）报告每月至少使用一次。较晚的当前年龄、女性、非移民身份、较少的感觉寻求、使用心理治疗、年轻时更多的同伴大麻使用以及与大麻的第一次负面经历更多，这些因素预示着戒烟。另一个预测因素是在前三年使用中大麻使用频率没有增加，这表明大麻使用轨迹很早就确定了，可能用于识别早期预防措施的风险群体。
