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基于区块链的用于能源数据注册的可扩展且防篡改解决方案。

Blockchain-Based Scalable and Tamper-Evident Solution for Registering Energy Data.

作者信息

Pop Claudia, Antal Marcel, Cioara Tudor, Anghel Ionut, Sera David, Salomie Ioan, Raveduto Giuseppe, Ziu Denisa, Croce Vincenzo, Bertoncini Massimo

机构信息

Computer Science Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului 28, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

R&D Department, Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.A., Via San Martino della Battaglia 56, 00185 Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2019 Jul 10;19(14):3033. doi: 10.3390/s19143033.

DOI:10.3390/s19143033
PMID:31295826
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6679180/
Abstract

Nowadays, it has been recognized that blockchain can provide the technological infrastructure for developing decentralized, secure, and reliable smart energy grid management systems. However, an open issue that slows the adoption of blockchain technology in the energy sector is the low scalability and high processing overhead when dealing with the real-time energy data collected by smart energy meters. Thus, in this paper, we propose a scalable second tier solution which combines the blockchain ledger with distributed queuing systems and NoSQL (Not Only SQL database) databases to allow the registration of energy transactions less frequently on the chain without losing the tamper-evident benefits brought by the blockchain technology. At the same time, we propose a technique for tamper-evident registration of smart meters' energy data and associated energy transactions using digital fingerprinting which allows the energy transaction to be linked hashed-back on-chain, while the sensors data is stored off-chain. A prototype was implemented using Ethereum and smart contracts for the on-chain components while for the off-chain components we used Cassandra database and RabbitMQ messaging broker. The prototype proved to be effective in managing a settlement of energy imbalances use-case and during the evaluation conducted in simulated environment shows promising results in terms of scalability, throughput, and tampering of energy data sampled by smart energy meters.

摘要

如今，人们已经认识到区块链可以为开发去中心化、安全且可靠的智能能源网格管理系统提供技术基础设施。然而，阻碍区块链技术在能源领域应用的一个悬而未决的问题是，在处理智能电表收集的实时能源数据时，其可扩展性较低且处理开销较大。因此，在本文中，我们提出了一种可扩展的二级解决方案，该方案将区块链账本与分布式排队系统和非关系型数据库（NoSQL）相结合，以便在不损失区块链技术带来的防篡改优势的前提下，减少能源交易在链上的注册频率。同时，我们提出了一种利用数字指纹对智能电表的能源数据及相关能源交易进行防篡改注册的技术，该技术允许能源交易在链上进行反向哈希链接，而传感器数据则存储在链下。我们使用以太坊和智能合约实现了链上组件的原型，而对于链下组件，我们使用了Cassandra数据库和RabbitMQ消息代理。该原型在管理能源不平衡结算用例方面被证明是有效的，并且在模拟环境中进行的评估表明，在可扩展性、吞吐量以及智能电表采样的能源数据的防篡改方面都取得了有前景的结果。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/ffdc7ae1ca99/sensors-19-03033-g014.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/90f7b1e898f5/sensors-19-03033-g010.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/ffdc7ae1ca99/sensors-19-03033-g014.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/aaa4a912da43/sensors-19-03033-g001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/1bfd6f9fa680/sensors-19-03033-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/8d85179f9394/sensors-19-03033-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/a830a92227ae/sensors-19-03033-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/abcd42a838dc/sensors-19-03033-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/5783dbef5938/sensors-19-03033-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/9693a0f9b4b9/sensors-19-03033-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/90f7b1e898f5/sensors-19-03033-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/b27d45be77bd/sensors-19-03033-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/d33b1ca0c1d7/sensors-19-03033-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/a1a3d2a7bd03/sensors-19-03033-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecad/6679180/ffdc7ae1ca99/sensors-19-03033-g014.jpg

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