Peitzmeier Sarah M, Kågesten Anna, Acharya Rajib, Cheng Yan, Delany-Moretlwe Sinead, Olumide Adesola, Blum Robert Wm, Sonenstein Freya, Decker Michele R
Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Population Council, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
J Adolesc Health. 2016 Dec;59(6):696-702. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.07.019. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects one in three women globally, with adolescent and young adult women at highest risk. Less is known about IPV perpetration. We compare the prevalence and correlates of IPV perpetration among 15- to 19-year-old adolescent males in Baltimore (United States), Johannesburg (South Africa), Delhi (India), and Shanghai (China).
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2013 with males aged 15-19 recruited via respondent-driven sampling from disadvantaged neighborhoods in four cities: Baltimore (United States), New Delhi (India), Johannesburg (South Africa), and Shanghai (China); total n = 751 ever-partnered men. We describe the prevalence of past-year physical and sexual IPV perpetration and evaluate associations with gender norm attitudes, mental health, substance use, victimization experiences, and demographic factors.
Past-year physical or sexual IPV perpetration ranged from 9% in Shanghai to 40% in Johannesburg. Factors associated with past-year perpetration across multiple sites included: binge drinking (Johannesburg adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8, Baltimore AOR = 6.7, and Shanghai AOR = 3.2), depressive symptoms (Johannesburg AOR = 2.4 and Shanghai AOR = 2.2), victimization in the home (Baltimore AOR = 2.5, Shanghai AOR = 2.7, and Johannesburg AOR = 1.7), and community violence victimization (Baltimore AOR = 7.0, Delhi AOR = 4.1, and Johannesburg AOR = 2.8). Equitable gender norm attitudes were protective against IPV perpetration in Johannesburg and Shanghai. Demographic factors (e.g., age, employment, and education) were inconsistently associated with IPV perpetration across sites.
Past-year IPV perpetration was prevalent with differences identified across settings. Findings suggest the need to scale up evidence-based interventions targeting adolescents in disadvantaged urban communities in order to address many modifiable factors associated with IPV perpetration in this study.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）影响着全球三分之一的女性，其中青少年和年轻成年女性风险最高。关于IPV施暴情况的了解较少。我们比较了美国巴尔的摩、南非约翰内斯堡、印度德里和中国上海15至19岁青少年男性中IPV施暴的患病率及其相关因素。
2013年进行了一项横断面调查，通过应答驱动抽样从四个城市（美国巴尔的摩、印度新德里、南非约翰内斯堡和中国上海）的弱势社区招募了15至19岁的男性；共有751名有过伴侣关系的男性。我们描述了过去一年身体和性方面的IPV施暴患病率，并评估其与性别规范态度、心理健康、物质使用、受害经历和人口统计学因素之间的关联。
过去一年身体或性方面的IPV施暴率从上海的9%到约翰内斯堡的40%不等。多个地点与过去一年施暴相关的因素包括：酗酒（约翰内斯堡调整后的优势比[AOR]=2.8，巴尔的摩AOR=6.7，上海AOR=3.2）、抑郁症状（约翰内斯堡AOR=2.4，上海AOR=2.2）、在家中受害（巴尔的摩AOR=2.5，上海AOR=2.7，约翰内斯堡AOR=1.7）以及社区暴力受害（巴尔的摩AOR=7.0，德里AOR=4.1，约翰内斯堡AOR=2.8）。在约翰内斯堡和上海，公平的性别规范态度对IPV施暴有保护作用。人口统计学因素（如年龄、就业和教育）在不同地点与IPV施暴的关联不一致。
过去一年IPV施暴情况普遍，不同环境存在差异。研究结果表明，有必要扩大针对城市弱势社区青少年的循证干预措施，以解决本研究中与IPV施暴相关的许多可改变因素。
