Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2019 Dec;44(4):309-319. doi: 10.1007/s10484-019-09444-0.
Atypical vagal reactivity has been linked to internalizing psychopathology and less adaptive emotion regulation, but reactive cardiac entropy is largely unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated reactive vagally-mediated heart-rate variability (vmHRV) and cardiac entropy in relation to emotion regulation. Electrocardiograms of 32 children (9-13 years) with internalizing difficulties and 25 healthy controls were recorded during a baseline and a sad film. Reactivity-measures were calculated from the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and sample entropy (SampEn). Emotion regulation was assessed using the emotion regulation checklist (ERC). Determinants of reactive SampEn and RMSSD were analyzed with marginal and generalized linear models. The study also modeled the relationship between cardiac reactivity and emotion regulation while controlling for psychopathology. The two groups differed significantly in vmHRV-reactivity, with seemingly higher vagal-withdrawal in the control group. SampEn increased significantly during the film, but less in subjects with higher psychopathology. Higher reactive entropy was a significant predictor of better emotion regulation as measured by the ERC. Internalizing subjects and controls showed significantly different vmHRV-reactivity. Higher reactive cardiac entropy was associated with lower internalizing psychopathology and better emotion regulation and may reflect on organizational features of the neurovisceral system relevant for adaptive emotion regulation.
非典型迷走神经反应性与内化型精神病理学和适应性较差的情绪调节有关，但反应性心脏熵在很大程度上尚未得到探索。因此，本研究调查了与情绪调节有关的反应性迷走神经介导的心率变异性（vmHRV）和心脏熵。在基线和悲伤电影期间，记录了 32 名（9-13 岁）有内化困难的儿童和 25 名健康对照者的心电图。从均方根差（RMSSD）和样本熵（SampEn）计算反应性指标。使用情绪调节检查表（ERC）评估情绪调节。使用边缘和广义线性模型分析了反应性 SampEn 和 RMSSD 的决定因素。该研究还控制了精神病理学，对心脏反应性和情绪调节之间的关系进行了建模。两组在 vmHRV 反应性方面存在显著差异，对照组的迷走神经撤退似乎更高。SampEn 在电影期间显着增加，但在精神病程度较高的受试者中增加较少。较高的反应性熵是 ERC 衡量的更好情绪调节的重要预测指标。内化型受试者和对照组的 vmHRV 反应性存在显著差异。较高的反应性心脏熵与较低的内化型精神病理学和更好的情绪调节有关，可能反映了与适应性情绪调节相关的神经内脏系统的组织特征。
