Fiskum Charlotte, Andersen Tonje Grønning, Johns Unni Tanum, Jacobsen Karl
Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
Department of child and Adolescent Psychiatry (BUP), St. Olav's University Hospital, Norway.
Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol. 2021 Jul 23;9:147-159. doi: 10.21307/sjcapp-2021-016. eCollection 2021.
Affect represents an important source of information about our internal state and the external world that can motivate and vitalize us. When affect is poorly integrated, this can lead to problems with self-regulation and psychopathology. Few studies have investigated affect integration in children.
This study investigates differences in affect integration in children with and without internalizing difficulties.
Thirty-three Norwegian children (aged 9-13) with and 24 children without internalizing difficulties were interviewed with the Affect Consciousness Interview (ACI), a measure of affect integration. Data from the ACI was analyzed across nine affective categories (Interest/Excitement, Enjoyment/Joy, Fear/Panic, Anger/Rage, Shame/Humiliation, Sadness/Despair, Envy/Jealousy, Guilt/Remorse, and Tenderness/Care), and four dimensions (Awareness, Tolerance, Emotional, and Conceptual expressivity).
The children differed significantly in affect integration across all dimensions and all assessed affects, both positive and negative. Emotional Expressivity, Anger/Rage, and Sadness/Despair were particularly less integrated in the children with internalizing problems.
Assessment of affect integration can provide useful information on possible underlying factors in internalizing problems in children and may help guide and personalize therapeutic interventions. Based on knowledge from empirical infant psychology interventions mimicking rich, early intersubjective experiences are recommended to increase affect integration.
情感是有关我们内部状态和外部世界的重要信息来源，能够激发和赋予我们活力。当情感整合不佳时，可能会导致自我调节问题和精神病理学问题。很少有研究调查儿童的情感整合情况。
本研究调查有内化困难和无内化困难儿童在情感整合方面的差异。
采用情感意识访谈（ACI）对33名有内化困难的挪威儿童（9 - 13岁）和24名无内化困难的儿童进行访谈，ACI是一种情感整合测量方法。对ACI的数据按九个情感类别（兴趣/兴奋、享受/愉悦、恐惧/恐慌、愤怒/暴怒、羞耻/屈辱、悲伤/绝望、嫉妒/猜忌、内疚/懊悔、温柔/关怀）和四个维度（意识、容忍度、情感表达性和概念表达性）进行分析。
在所有维度以及所有评估的积极和消极情感方面，儿童在情感整合上存在显著差异。情感表达性、愤怒/暴怒和悲伤/绝望在有内化问题的儿童中尤其整合得较差。
情感整合评估可为儿童内化问题的潜在因素提供有用信息，并可能有助于指导和个性化治疗干预。基于实证婴儿心理学的知识，建议采用模仿丰富的早期主体间体验的干预措施来提高情感整合。
