Hiebl A, Auer A, Bagrinovschi G, Stejskal M, Hirt R, Rümenapf H T, Tichy A, Künzel F
Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, 1210, Austria.
Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, 1210, Austria.
J Small Anim Pract. 2019 Oct;60(10):594-600. doi: 10.1111/jsap.13051. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
To assess the prevalence of canine parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus type 2, canine distemper virus, canine respiratory coronavirus and influenza virus A infections in: (1) privately-owned or, (2) kennelled dogs showing signs consistent with canine infectious respiratory disease and, (3) clinically healthy dogs in Vienna, Austria.
Prospectively, nasal and tonsillar swabs from 214 dogs affected with infectious respiratory disease, and 50 healthy control dogs were tested for nucleic acids specific to the various viral infections. Concurrent bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 31 dogs with chronic respiratory disease was investigated for the same viral pathogens. Additionally, anti-canine respiratory coronavirus antibody concentrations were measured in paired blood samples from 30 acutely diseased dogs.
Canine respiratory coronavirus (7.5%) and canine parainfluenza virus (6.5%) were the most commonly detected viruses in samples from the upper airways of dogs with respiratory infections. Serological results showed a significant seroconversion in response to coronavirus in 50% of the examined cases. None of the samples was positive for influenza virus A-specific nucleic acid. Canine coronavirus-specific nucleic acid was detected in 4.0% of healthy dogs.
Canine coronavirus should be considered as a clinically relevant cause of infectious respiratory disease in crowded dog populations. For sample collection, the nasal mucosa can be recommended as the favoured site. Analysis of paired serum samples aids verification of canine coronavirus infection in respiratory disease.
评估犬副流感病毒、犬腺病毒2型、犬瘟热病毒、犬呼吸道冠状病毒和甲型流感病毒在以下犬只中的感染率：（1）私人饲养的犬只；（2）表现出与犬传染性呼吸道疾病相符症状的犬舍饲养犬只；（3）奥地利维也纳的临床健康犬只。
前瞻性地对214只患有传染性呼吸道疾病的犬只以及50只健康对照犬只的鼻拭子和扁桃体拭子进行检测，以查找各种病毒感染的特异性核酸。同时，对31只患有慢性呼吸道疾病的犬只的支气管肺泡灌洗液进行相同病毒病原体的调查。此外，还对30只急性患病犬只的配对血样中抗犬呼吸道冠状病毒抗体浓度进行了测量。
犬呼吸道冠状病毒（7.5%）和犬副流感病毒（6.5%）是呼吸道感染犬只上呼吸道样本中最常检测到的病毒。血清学结果显示，在50%的受检病例中，针对冠状病毒出现了显著的血清转化。没有一个样本的甲型流感病毒特异性核酸呈阳性。在4.0%的健康犬只中检测到犬冠状病毒特异性核酸。
在犬只密集的群体中，应将犬冠状病毒视为传染性呼吸道疾病的一个具有临床相关性的病因。对于样本采集，可推荐鼻黏膜作为首选部位。对配对血清样本的分析有助于验证呼吸道疾病中的犬冠状病毒感染。
