CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Oct 1;257:123-129. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.024. Epub 2019 Jul 5.
Children and adolescents are in the developmental periods with the highest risk of experiencing multiple types of traumatic experiences (TEs). Immigrant children are more likely than other children to be exposed to TEs and have a higher risk of mental health problems. However, no epidemiological study has reported the prevalence of TEs and the associated development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Chinese children.
The present study focused on trauma exposure among rural-to-urban migrant Chinese children. A large-scale (N = 16,140) cross-sectional survey of rural-to-urban migrant workers' children in grades 4 to 9 was conducted in Beijing. Lifetime exposure to accidents and injuries, interpersonal violence, and trauma within the social network or witnessing traumatic events were measured along with PTSD.
Nearly half of the participants (47.06%) had experienced TEs, and 6.68% of those children met the cutoff for PTSD. Trauma exposure was associated with gender, age, quality of life, parents' marital status, caregivers before the child started school and father's education level. Overall, interpersonal violence was associated with the highest rates of PTSD, and disasters were associated with the lowest rates of PTSD.
The cross-sectional survey design limited the ability to document temporal ordering, and the assessment of lifetime TEs was based on retrospective recall.
The present study is the first epidemiological study of TEs in Chinese rural-to-urban migrant children. TEs are potentially fairly common among this population. Interventions designed to prevent PTSD should target different TE types according to the victim's gender.
儿童和青少年正处于经历多种创伤经历（TEs）风险最高的发展阶段。与其他儿童相比，移民儿童更容易接触 TEs，并且更有可能出现心理健康问题。然而，尚无流行病学研究报告中国儿童 TEs 的流行情况以及创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的相关发展。
本研究关注的是农村到城市的移民中国儿童的创伤暴露情况。对北京的 4 至 9 年级农村到城市的农民工子女进行了大规模（N=16140）的横断面调查。终生暴露于事故和伤害、人际暴力以及社交网络内的创伤或目睹创伤性事件与 PTSD 一起进行了测量。
近一半的参与者（47.06%）经历过 TEs，其中 6.68%的儿童达到 PTSD 的截止值。创伤暴露与性别、年龄、生活质量、父母的婚姻状况、孩子上学前的照顾者以及父亲的教育水平有关。总的来说，人际暴力与 PTSD 的发生率最高，而灾难与 PTSD 的发生率最低。
横断面调查设计限制了记录时间顺序的能力，并且终生 TEs 的评估是基于回顾性回忆。
本研究是针对中国农村到城市移民儿童的 TEs 的第一项流行病学研究。在该人群中，TEs 可能相当普遍。旨在预防 PTSD 的干预措施应根据受害者的性别针对不同的 TE 类型。
