吞噬细胞的 NOX2 NADPH 氧化酶在微生物杀伤和细胞信号转导中的作用。
The phagocyte NOX2 NADPH oxidase in microbial killing and cell signaling.
机构信息
Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 501 EMRB, 431 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101, United States.
出版信息
Curr Opin Immunol. 2019 Oct;60:130-140. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.05.006. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
The phagocyte NADPH oxidase possesses a transmembrane electron transferase comprised of gp91phox (aka NOX2) and p22phox and two multicomponent cytosolic complexes, which in stimulated phagocytes translocate to assemble a functional enzyme complex at plasma or phagosomal membranes. The NOX2-centered NADPH oxidase shuttles electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH to molecular oxygen in phagosomes or the extracellular space to produce oxidants that support optimal antimicrobial activity by phagocytes. Additionally, NOX2-generated oxidants have been implicated in both autocrine and paracrine signaling in a variety of biological contexts. However, when interpreting experimental results, investigators must recognize the complexity inherent in the biochemistry of oxidant-mediated attack of microbial targets and the technical limitations of the probes currently used to detect intracellular oxidants.
吞噬细胞 NADPH 氧化酶具有一个跨膜电子转移酶，由 gp91phox（又名 NOX2）和 p22phox 组成，以及两个多成分胞质复合物，在被刺激的吞噬细胞中，这些复合物会迁移到质膜或吞噬体膜上组装成一个功能性的酶复合物。以 NOX2 为中心的 NADPH 氧化酶将电子从细胞质中的 NADPH 转移到吞噬体或细胞外空间中的分子氧中，产生氧化剂，支持吞噬细胞的最佳抗菌活性。此外，NOX2 产生的氧化剂已被牵涉到各种生物学背景中的自分泌和旁分泌信号中。然而，在解释实验结果时，研究人员必须认识到氧化剂介导的微生物靶标攻击的生物化学的复杂性，以及当前用于检测细胞内氧化剂的探针的技术局限性。
Zotero 插件