College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
J Appl Microbiol. 2019 Nov;127(5):1532-1545. doi: 10.1111/jam.14382. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
The aims of this study were to investigate the biocontrol effects of Penicillium griseofulvum strain CF3 and its mechanisms against soil-borne root pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii) of the medical plant Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.
The effects of P. griseofulvum strain CF3 were evaluated with regard to the hyphal growth of S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum, the sclerotial formation and germination of S. rolfsii and its expression of sclerotia-formation-related genes. A field experiment was conducted to explore how strain CF3 controls the severity of soil-borne diseases, promotes the growth of A. carmichaelii plants and mediates shifts in the culturable rhizosphere microbial populations. The results showed that treatment with a cell-free culture filtrate of strain CF3 considerably inhibited the hyphal growth of both S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum, in addition to limiting the sclerotial formation and germination of S. rolfsii. Three genes related to sclerotial formation (ArsclR, ArnsdD1 and ArnsdD2) were predicted in S. rolfsii and their expression was found suppressed by the CF3 treatment. Field application of the CF3 biocontrol agent in a powder form (1·9 × 10 conidia per gram of substrate) reduced soil-borne disease severity by 15·0%. The shoot and root growth of A. carmichaelii plants was promoted by 61·6 and 83·1% respectively, as the biocontrol strain massively colonized the rhizosphere soil. The CF3 treatment also markedly reduced the density of some known species harmful to plants while increasing the density of some beneficial species in the rhizosphere soil.
Genes related to sclerotia formation of S. rolfsii are predicted for the first time and their expression patterns in the presence of P. griseofulvum strain CF3 are evaluated. This comprehensive study provides a candidate fungal biocontrol strain and reveals its potential mechanisms against S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum in A. carmichaelii plants.
本研究旨在探讨青霉菌 CF3 菌株对药用植物乌头土传根病原菌（尖孢镰刀菌和罗耳伏革菌）的生防作用及其机制。
评估了青霉菌 CF3 菌株对罗耳伏革菌菌丝生长、菌核形成和萌发及其菌核形成相关基因表达的影响。进行了田间试验以探讨 CF3 菌株如何控制土传病害的严重程度，促进乌头植物的生长，并调节可培养根际微生物种群的变化。结果表明，CF3 菌株的无细胞培养滤液处理显著抑制了罗耳伏革菌和尖孢镰刀菌的菌丝生长，同时限制了罗耳伏革菌的菌核形成和萌发。在罗耳伏革菌中预测了 3 个与菌核形成相关的基因（ArsclR、ArnsdD1 和 ArnsdD2），并发现它们的表达受 CF3 处理的抑制。以粉末形式（每克基质 1.9×10 个分生孢子）田间应用 CF3 生物防治剂可使土传病害严重度降低 15.0%。生物防治菌株大量定殖根际土壤时，乌头植物的地上部和根系生长分别提高了 61.6%和 83.1%。CF3 处理还显著降低了一些已知对植物有害的物种的密度，同时增加了根际土壤中一些有益物种的密度。
首次预测了罗耳伏革菌菌核形成相关基因，并评估了它们在青霉菌 CF3 菌株存在下的表达模式。这项综合研究提供了一种候选真菌生物防治菌株，并揭示了其对乌头植物中罗耳伏革菌和尖孢镰刀菌的潜在机制。
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