Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , People's Republic of China.
Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients , Changsha , Hunan 410128 , People's Republic of China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Aug 7;67(31):8485-8492. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02905. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
How short-chain fatty acids (FAs) affect cell membrane morphology and milk fat biosynthesis in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is yet unclear. This study investigated the primary bovine MEC response to different FAs. We observed that the cell surface ultrastructures were influenced by chain length and degree of saturability of FAs. The , , and gene expression was affected independent of the type of FA. , , , and transcripts were more sensitive to the short-chain FAs (acetic and β-hydroxybutyric acids). Furthermore, short-chain FAs inclined to regulate FA degradation-, elongation-, and metabolism-associated pathways, while long-chain FAs (stearic and -10,-12 conjugated linolenic acids) modulated extracellular matrix-receptor interaction-, transcriptional misregulation-, microRNA-, and ribosome biogenesis-related pathways. However, triacylglycerol accumulation in the cytoplasm was not changed by all of the FAs. Overall, FAs with different chain lengths and degrees of saturability could differentially alter primary bovine MEC cell morphology and influence protein profiles involved in milk fat synthesis pathways.
短链脂肪酸（FAs）如何影响乳腺上皮细胞（MECs）的细胞膜形态和乳脂合成尚不清楚。本研究探讨了不同 FAs 对原代牛 MEC 的主要影响。我们观察到细胞表面超微结构受 FAs 的链长和饱和度的影响。FA 的类型不影响 、 、 基因的表达。 、 、 、 和 转录物对短链 FAs（乙酸和β-羟基丁酸）更敏感。此外，短链 FAs 倾向于调节 FA 降解、延伸和代谢相关途径，而长链 FAs（硬脂酸和-10、-12 共轭亚油酸）调节细胞外基质-受体相互作用、转录失调、microRNA 和核糖体生物发生相关途径。然而，所有 FAs 均未改变细胞质中三酰基甘油的积累。总之，具有不同链长和饱和度的 FAs 可以改变原代牛 MEC 细胞形态，并影响参与乳脂合成途径的蛋白质谱。
